Oral Findings in Pediatric Patients With Allergic Rhinitis and/or Asthma

University of Pavia100 enrolled

Overview

The aim of the study was to evaluate if there were differences in oral findings between patients diagnosed with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma and a control group of health people.

The aim of the study was to evaluate if there were differences in oral findings between patients diagnosed with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma and a control group of health people. At the oral evaluation, the following indexes were calculated: PSR, Periodontal Screening and Recording; PI, Plaque Control Record and DMFT, Decayed Missing Filled Teeth Index. Absence or presence of mouth breathing was also recorded. Linear regressions were calculated to compare the oral findings with gravity of allergic rhinitis, to asthma compensation and to asthma treatment.

Study Type

OBSERVATIONAL

Enrollment

100

Conditions

Allergic Rhinitis Asthma in Children Dental Caries Periodontal Diseases

Interventions

Oral examinationDIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Patients underwent oral examination with the recording of DMFT, PSR, PI and presence/absence of mouth breathing.

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 5 YearsMax age: 14 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * age 5-14 years old * presence of allergic rhinitis diagnosed according to ASIA guidelines and/or presence of asthma diagnosed according to GINA guidelines Exclusion Criteria: * refuse to participate to the study * presence of systemic diseases that could alter oral conditions (Sjögren syndrome, celiac disease, calcium disorders).

Locations (1)

Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry - Section of Dentistry - Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatrics - University of Pavia

Pavia, Lombardy, Italy

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

PSR - Periodontal Screening and Recording (Landry and Jean, 2002)

Scoring criteria: * 0: Absence of clinical signs * 1: Bleeding on probing * 2: Supra and/or subgingival calculus and/or defective margins * 3: Periodontal pocket 4 mm to 5.5 nm deep (coloured band on probe partially visible) * 4: Periodontal pocket 6 mm deep (colored band no longer visible) * \*: Periodontal abnormalities present * X: Sextant absent or fewer than 2 teeth

Time frame: Baseline

PCR - Plaque Control Record (O' Leary et al., 1972)

% assessment of the amount of plaque on dental surfaces; it is detected on 4 surfaces: distal, mesial, vestibular, lingual / palatal. The number of sites with plaque is divided by the total number of sites available in the mouth and multiplied by 100. Results indicate the index as a percentage.

Time frame: Baseline

DMFT - Decayed Missing Filled Teeth Index (WHO, 2013)

Sum of the decayed, missing, filled teeth.

Time frame: Baseline

Mouth breathing

Assessment of the presence/absence of mouth breathing.

Time frame: Baseline

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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