Renal resistive index (RRI) is calculated from ultrasonographic Doppler measurements of flow velocities in intraparenchymal renal arteries. Normal values are around 0.60, and 0.70 is considered the upper normal threshold in adults. Both preoperative and postoperative elevation of RRI has shown promise in early detection of AKI after cardiac surgery. Further, elevated RRI before coronary angiography is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular complications up to 1 year after the procedure. The role of preoperative RRI in predicting long-term renal and cardiovascular complications after elective surgery is however not known. The aim of this study is to assess the role of preoperative RRI to predict the risk of persistent renal dysfunction as well as renal- and cardiovascular complications up to 5 years after surgery.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
96
Karolinska University Hospital
Stockholm, Sweden
Long-term renal dysfunction
Reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥25% from baseline
Time frame: 5 years after surgery or end of follow-up
Short-term renal dysfunction
Reduced eGFR ≥25% from baseline
Time frame: 30 days after surgery
Intermediate renal dysfunction
Reduced eGFR ≥25% from baseline
Time frame: 90 days after surgery
Major adverse kidney events (MAKE)
Composite outcome during follow-up time including one of; death, renal replacement therapy, reduced eGFR ≥25% from baseline
Time frame: 30 days, 90 days, 1 year, and 5 years after surgery or end of follow-up
Major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE)
Composite outcome during follow-up time including one of; death, myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke
Time frame: 30 days, 90 days, 1 year, and 5 years after surgery or end of follow-up
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