Purpose: To examine the effects of straining techniques on the duration of labor, perineal trauma status and newborn apgar score. Method: This study is a randomized controlled trial. The straining techniques were explained to the pregnant women who gave written consent to participate in the study and were randomly assigned to groups in the latent phase (natural, spontaneous, Valsalva), and the techniques were applied in the second phase of labor.
Purpose: The present study was planned to determine the effects of straining techniques on the duration of labor, perineal trauma status, and newborn Apgar score. Method: The study, which had a randomized-controlled experimental design, was conducted in Sivas Numune Hospital Birth Unit. The sampling size was calculated using power analysis. In the literature, spontaneous straining is used by pregnant women in the range of 25-81%, and Valsalva -type straining has a rate of 32-75%. To represent the population of the study, sample volume was determined at =0.05 significance level, 1- =0.95 Confidence Interval, =0.20 error risk, and 1- =0.80 power, and the total number of individuals was determined as 354. The data of the study were collected with the "Pre-Evaluation Form", "Personal Information Form", "Labor Evaluation Form", and "Apgar Score" created by the researchers in line with the literature data. The straining techniques were explained to the pregnant women who gave written consent to participate in the study and were randomly assigned to groups in the latent phase (natural, spontaneous, Valsalva), and the techniques were applied in the second phase of labor. ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis H-test, Chi-square test, Exact test, Tamhane T2 test, and Dunn Test were used to evaluate the data obtained in the study. Statistical significance was evaluated at a 0.05 significance level and the SPSS version 23.0 was used.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
Valsalva, spontaneous and natural strainings are supported in 2nd stage of labor. Duration of delivery, perineal trauma status and Apgar Scores were evaluated.
Sivas sample hospital
Sivas, Turkey (Türkiye)
The distribution of the duration of the second phase according to the straining styles of women in labor
The distribution of the duration of the second phase was evaluated according to the pushing styles of the women who gave birth. The duration of the second stage of labor was calculated by keeping the hours and minutes according to the type of straining used. The time from the woman's full dilation (10 cm) to the birth of the baby was measured.
Time frame: 2-90 minute
The perineal trauma status according to the straining styles of women during labor
Perineal trauma status of women was evaluated according to their pushing styles during delivery. Episiotomy or laceration status after delivery of the placenta was evaluated by observation and examination method.
Time frame: 10-30 minute
The distribution of the mean Apgar Scores of the newborns according to the straining types of women during labor
The newborn apgar scores were evaluated according to the straining types of the women at the time of delivery. Apgar Score is the expression of the physiological condition of the infant at a certain time (ACOG, 2015). In studies examining the relationship between mortality rates and Apgar scores, it was shown that infants with low scores (0-2) had higher mortality rates (14%). Infants with high scores (7-10) had lower mortality rates (0.13%). The scoring system showed that overall Apgar scores of infants born with cesarean section were lower than those born vaginally (Apgar, 1966; Rubarth, 2012). Apgar developed this evaluation tool with 5 objective criteria (heart rate, respiration, reflex irritability, muscle tonus, and color). The Apgar Evaluation System is used in the 1st and 5th minutes after the infant is born. Apgar scores of 7-10 are reassuring, normal, 4-6 moderately abnormal, and 0-3 are considered low in term and preterm infants (ACOG, 2015).
Time frame: 1-5 minute
The distribution of women's satisfaction and considerations about the practice according to the way they strain during labor
This platform is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.
354
According to the types of straining during childbirth, women's satisfaction and thoughts about the application were evaluated. The satisfaction of women with the pushing techniques was evaluated with the questions asked in the questionnaire. Each woman was asked whether she would like to use the type of pushing she used in her next birth.
Time frame: 30 minute- 4 hours