There is limited information on what causes injury to the heart in individuals with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). Researchers in this study want to see if decreased blood flow to the heart during stress could be causing the heart damage seen in SCD patients. They also want to test people who don't have SCD to see if their hearts react the same way under stress. Primary Objective * To estimate the coronary flow reserve (CFR) (also referred to as myocardial perfusion reserve), as measured by PET stress-rest myocardial perfusion imaging, in SCD patients with and without diastolic dysfunction, and healthy controls. Secondary Objectives * To investigate the relationship between decreased CFR (quantified with PET stress- rest myocardial perfusion imaging) and presence of abnormal diastolic parameters
This study requires two visits. The first visit includes blood tests, an electrocardiogram (EKG), and an echocardiogram. The second visit includes a positron emission tomography (PET) stress test and a blood test. Subjects will be considered off-study one week after all post PET imaging study tests have been completed along with the next day and one-week follow-up phone calls are completed.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
DIAGNOSTIC
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
40
Ammonia N 13 (a radioactive tracer) will be given per intravenous (IV) injection for diagnostic purposes in conjunction with positron emission tomography (PET) imaging.
Given IV prior to PET stress test
Participants will complete a onetime PET (stress-rest) myocardial perfusion scan.
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
Memphis, Tennessee, United States
RECRUITINGMean and standard deviation of coronary flow reserve (CFR)
We will estimate the mean and standard deviation of CFR, as measured by PET myocardial blood flow reserve imaging, in young adult SCD patients with and without diastolic dysfunction and healthy controls.
Time frame: Visit 2, approximately 4 weeks after study entry (procedure takes approximately one hour)
CFR difference among Stratum A, Stratum B, and Stratum C
We will compare whether the CFR is different among 3 predefined strata: Stratum A; SCD with diastolic dysfunction patients , Stratum B; SCD without dysfunction patient control, and Stratum C; normal healthy controls by one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance, depending on the distribution of the data. If the difference exists, the pairwise comparison will be carried out by two sample t test or Wilcoxon rank sum test between two strata.
Time frame: Visit 2, approximately 4 weeks after study entry (procedure takes approximately one hour)
Relationship between decreased CFR (quantified with PET stress-rest myocardial perfusion imaging) and presence of abnormal diastolic parameters
The following is the grouping of diastolic parameters used in this study: Group 1: 0 or any 1 diastolic variable abnormal; Group 2: Any 2 variables abnormal; Group 3: Any 3 or more variables abnormal . We will first summarize the mean and standard deviation CFR values for each diastolic group. One-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA will be used to explore whether there are any statistically significant differences between the means of these three groups. If a difference exists, the pairwise comparison will be carried out by two sample t test or Wilcoxon rank sum test between two groups.
Time frame: Visit 2, approximately 4 weeks after study entry (procedure takes approximately one hour)
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