the Role of Laparoscopy in Lower Gastrointestinal Surgical Emergencies in Adults.

Overview

Introduction: causes of lower abdominal pain caused by various GIT emergencies, including acute appendicitis, intestinal obstruction, acute perforated diverticulitis, obstructed hernia, and iatrogenic colon perforation. The role of Laparoscopy may be of diagnostic and therapeutic value. Methods: Between April 2017 and April 2020, 793 patients were admitted to Zagazig University Hospital's emergency surgery unit with lower GIT emergencies, including acute appendicitis, acute intestine obstruction, complicated colonic diverticulum, complicated hernias, and iatrogenic colonic perforations.

An acute lower abdomen is typically caused by peritoneal irritation caused by an abdominal organ's inflammation, rupture, or a hollow organ obstruction. Patients with severe acute lower abdominal pain either proceed to the operative room or additional investigations or diagnostic Laparoscopy (DL). Laparoscopy should not be used routinely for every acute lower abdomen case due to anesthetic risks and morbidity . Most hospitals do emergency abdominal surgeries, and laparotomy in these procedures is associated with high death rates (14 to 20%) . Laparoscopic surgery has become a standard method for abdominal emergencies as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool. It has even been employed in some situations of lower abdominal crises in recent years . The general surgeon frequently faces diagnostic challenges in emergency abdominal conditions. The diagnosis is crucial for planning the appropriate abdominal incision and avoiding unnecessary surgery. Noninvasive diagnostic approaches such as radiological examinations are not always conclusive. Furthermore, they are costly and cannot be performed 24 hours a day in all hospital circumstances . A retrospective observational study was designed to analyze the outcomes of a laparoscopic technique in emergent lower GIT surgeries regarding intraoperative and postoperative outcomes.

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