Remote Ischemic Conditioning and Dynamic Cerebral Autoregulation in Patients With Intracranial and Extracranial Arteriosclerosis

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age≥18 years, \< 80 years, regardless of sex; 2. Patients with clinically definite diagnosis of intracranial and extracranial atherosclerosis. 3. Baseline Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) ≥8; 4. Be able to accept remote ischemic conditioning; 5. Bilateral temporal windows were well penetrated; 6. Signed and dated informed consent is obtained Exclusion Criteria: 1. Patients who undergo intravenous thrombolysis or endovascular treatment; 2. Patients with consciousness disorder or restlessness who cannot cooperate with dynamic cerebral autoregulation; 3. Patients whose stable cerebral blood flow velocity envelope cannot be obtained by transcranial Doppler ultrasound or whose cerebral blood vessels have not been detected; 4. Patients with severe arrhythmia (frequent ventricular or supraventricular arrhythmia diagnosed by 24 hours dynamic ECG), hyperthyroidism, severe anemia, unstable blood pressure and other factors affecting the hemodynamics; 5. CT shows cerebral hemorrhagic diseases: hemorrhagic stroke, epidural hematoma, subdural hematoma, intracranial hematoma, ventricular hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, etc; 6. Other intracranial lesions, such as cerebrovascular malformations, cerebral venous lesions, tumors and other diseases involving the brain craniocerebral planning for surgical treatment; 7. Other serious diseases and have a life expectancy of less than 3 months; 8. Serious blood system diseases or severe coagulation dysfunction; 9. Severe organ dysfunction or failure; 10. Previously received remote ischemic conditioning or similar treatment; 11. Contraindications of remote ischemic conditioning, such as severe soft tissue injury, fracture or vascular injury, peripheral vascular disease in the contralateral upper limb; 12. Unqualified laboratory test indicators: Aspartate aminotransferase or alanine aminotransferase was 3 times higher than the upper limit of normal range, serum creatinine was \> 265umol/l (\> 3mg/dl), platelet was \< 100×109/ l, international normalized ratio (INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT) were above the upper limit of normal range; 13. Pregnant or lactating women; 14. Participating in other clinical investigators, or having participated in other clinical investigators within 3 months before enrollment; 15. Patients who do not follow up or have poor treatment compliance; 16. Other conditions deemed inappropriate for inclusion by the investigator