The goal of this intervention is to determine the efficacy of coconut sap powder (CSP) to lower arterial stiffness and blood pressure in middle-aged and older adults. Participants will be randomized to the CSP arm or Placebo arm of the study. Primary endpoints include: aortic stiffness assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, resting brachial and (non-invasive) carotid blood pressure, and carotid stiffness (e.g. Beta stiffness index, Carotid compliance, Elastic modulus, Distensibility).
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
22
CSP was given once daily (1.5 g/day) for 8 weeks.
Capsules containing aspartame (1.5 g/day) were taken orally once daily for 8 weeks.
Ball State University
Muncie, Indiana, United States
Change in aortic stiffness
Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (meters/second)
Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks
Change in systolic and diastolic brachial blood pressure
Manual sphygmomanometer (mmHg)
Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks
Change in carotid systolic and diastolic blood pressure
Applanation tonometry of carotid artery (mmHg)
Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks
Change in carotid artery stiffness - beta stiffness index
Carotid artery Beta stiffness index (AU)
Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks
Change in carotid artery stiffness - carotid compliance
Carotid artery carotid compliance (mmHg/mm\^2)
Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks
Change in carotid artery stiffness - elastic modulus
Carotid artery elastic modulus (kilopascals, kPa)
Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks
Change in carotid artery stiffness - Young's modulus
Carotid artery Young's modulus (kilopascals, kPa)
Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks
Change in carotid artery stiffness - distensibility
Carotid artery distensibility (10\^-3/kilopascals)
Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks
Change in inflammatory biomarker - interleukin 6
Biomarker: Interleukin 6 pg/mL
Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks
Change in inflammatory biomarker - interleukin 10
Biomarker: Interleukin 10 pg/mL
Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks
Change in inflammatory biomarker - interleukin 1 beta
Biomarker: Interleukin 1 beta pg/mL
Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks
Change in inflammatory biomarker - tumor necrosis factor alpha
Biomarker: Tumor necrosis factor alpha pg/mL
Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks
Change in inflammatory biomarker - monocyte chemoattractant protein 1
Biomarker: Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 pg/mL
Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks
Change in inflammatory biomarker - high sensitivity C-reactive protein
Biomarker: High sensitivity C-reactive protein mg/mL
Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks
Change in oxidative stress biomarkers - superoxide dismutase
Biomarker: Superoxide dismutase U/mL
Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks
Change in oxidative stress biomarkers - Catalase
Biomarker: Catalase U/mL
Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks
Change in oxidative stress biomarkers - Oxidized low density lipoprotein
Biomarker: Oxidized Low density lipoprotein mU/L
Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks
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