Observational Retrospective Study on Spinal Analgesia in Laparoscopic and Laparotomic Hysterectomy

Lumbar puncture was performed before the induction of general anesthesia, in the operating room. Spinal anesthesia was performed in sitting position using a midline approach into the L3-L4 or L4-L5 interspaces with a 25ga pencil-point spinal needle administering 75-100 mcg morphine, with or without local anesthetic (levobupivacaine 0,5% 10-15 mg or bupivacaine 0,5% 10-15 mg or ropivacaine 0,5% 10-15 mg), depending on the anesthesiologist's preference. General anesthesia was then conducted according to clinical practice. All patients were transferred in the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) at the end of surgery. Throughout the first 48 postoperative hours, all patients were regularly evaluated in the hospital ward by a member of the Acute Pain Service Team.

General anesthesia was conducted according to clinical practice and a morphine bolus was administered before emergence from anesthesia according to clinical needs. All patients were then transferred in the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) at the end of surgery and received Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA) with morphine 1mg/mL (CADD®-Solis 2110 Infusion System, Smiths Medical ASD, Inc., USA, 1 mL bolus on demand, no background infusion, 7 minute lockout, max 8 mg/h). Throughout the first 48 postoperative hours, all patients were regularly evaluated in the hospital ward by a member of the Acute Pain Service Team.