The objective of this observational study is to compare cardiac output evaluation by the Direct Fick method, Indirect Fick method and Thermodiluition in pulmonary hypertension (PH) patients undergoing right heart catheterization (RHC). The main questions it aims to answer are: * Are these methods interchangeable? * Can possible discrepancies influence risk stratification and therapeutic management of PH patients? All consecutive patients aged ≥18 years, referred for RHC for suspected PH, will be included. Exclusion criteria will be contraindications to RHC, cardiac shunts and failure to obtain informed consent. Patients will undergo RHC by a Swan-Ganz catheter through the right internal jugular vein ultrasound-guided cannulation and cardiac output will be calculated using the three above-mentioned methods.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
1
Right heart catheterization (RHC) is an invasive hemodynamic procedure that allows direct measurement of right-sided cardiac pressures, calculation of cardiac output and pulmonary vascular resistance. It is the gold standard for the diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Right heart catheterization is commonly performed by accessing the internal jugular vein (echo-guided access). Swan Ganz catheter with a dedicated thermistor is used to perform RHC; it is advanced through the right heart chambers to measure right atrial, right ventricle, pulmonary artery and pulmonary arterial wedge pressures. Cardiac output is measured using Fick direct, Fick indirect and thermodilution methods.
UOSD Emodinamica Diagnostica e Interventistica Ospedale SS Annunziata
Chieti, Italy
RECRUITINGdifferences in cardiac output values measured using three different methods (Direct Fick, Indirect Fick and Thermodiluition)
In all patients cardiac output will be measured using the three methods to evaluate if the values obtained significantly differ
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
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