How Phenotypical Characteristics of Woebot Users Are Related to Clinical Outcomes

App engagement metrics

Data tracking mobile application use, including conversational interactions with Woebot and patterns of engagement over time, will be collected throughout the duration of treatment (8-weeks).

Time frame: Baseline to Post-intervention at Week 8

Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ-8)

An 8-item measure used to assess client's satisfaction with treatment.Total scores range from 8-32, with high scores indicating greater satisfaction with the treatment.

Time frame: Post-intervention at Week 8

Working Alliance Inventory (WAI)

Measure of working alliance. A measure of therapeutic alliance that assesses three key aspects of the therapeutic alliance: (a) agreement on the tasks of therapy, (b) agreement on the goals of therapy and (c) development of an affective bond. Total scores range from 12-60, with higher scores indicating greater alliance. The present study utilized the validated 12-item Short-Revised version (WAI-SR) with minor changes to language, replacing "therapist" with "Woebot".

Time frame: Change from Day 3 to Mid-Intervention at Week 4; change from Day 3 to Post-intervention at Week 8; change from Mid-Intervention at Week 4 to Post-intervention at Week 8

Mental Health Self-Efficacy Scale (MHSES)

Six items assess confidence in managing stress, depression, and anxiety, and are scored on a 10 point Likert scale (from 1, not at all confident to 10, very confident). Ratings across the 6 items are summed for an overall measure of MHSES (range 10 to 60), with higher scores indicating more self-efficacy. This measure is included as a way to capture an individual's confidence that they can successfully manage their mental health concerns.

Time frame: Change from Baseline to Mid-Intervention at Week 4; change from Baseline to Post-intervention at Week 8; change from Mid-Intervention at Week 4 to Post-intervention at Week 8

Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health (PROMIS)

Ten items used to assess five core domains of health (physical function, pain, fatigue, emotional distress, and social). Total scores range from 5-50, where greater scores represent the best health and functioning.

Time frame: Change from Baseline to Mid-Intervention at Week 4; change from Baseline to Post-intervention at Week 8; change from Mid-Intervention at Week 4 to Post-intervention at Week 8

Patient Health Questionnaire

Measure of depression. An 8-item self-report questionnaire where total scores range from 0 to 24, with higher scores indicating greater levels of depression

Time frame: Change from Baseline to Mid-Intervention at Week 4; change from Baseline to Post-intervention at Week 8; change from Mid-Intervention at Week 4 to Post-intervention at Week 8

Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire

Measure of anxiety. A 7-item brief self-report questionnaire, where total score range is between 0-21, with higher scores indicate greater levels of anxiety.

Time frame: Change from Baseline to Mid-Intervention at Week 4; change from Baseline to Post-intervention at Week 8; change from Mid-Intervention at Week 4 to Post-intervention at Week 8

Brief Resilience Questionnaire (BRS)

The BRS is a measure used to assess a person's ability to bounce back or recover after experiencing a stressor. Total scores range from 1 (low resilience) to 5 (high resilience).

Time frame: Change from Baseline to Mid-Intervention at Week 4; change from Baseline to Post-intervention at Week 8; change from Mid-Intervention at Week 4 to Post-intervention at Week 8

Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)

The PSS is a 10-item tool to assess individual levels of stress in the past month. Total scores range from 0 (no stress) to 40 (very high levels of stress).

Time frame: Change from Baseline to Mid-Intervention at Week 4; change from Baseline to Post-intervention at Week 8; change from Mid-Intervention at Week 4 to Post-intervention at Week 8

Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS)

The TAS-20 is an instrument that measures alexithymia, or difficulty with identifying and describing emotions and focusing attention externally. Total scores range from 20-100, with with low levels of alexithymia indicative of high levels of emotional self-awareness and vice versa.

Time frame: Change from Baseline to Mid-Intervention at Week 4; change from Baseline to Post-intervention at Week 8; change from Mid-Intervention at Week 4 to Post-intervention at Week 8

Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI)

The WPAI measures presenteeism, absenteeism, work productivity loss for the currently employed, and activity impairment. WPAI outcomes are expressed as impairment percentages, with higher numbers indicating greater impairment and less productivity

Time frame: Change from Baseline to Mid-Intervention at Week 4; change from Baseline to Post-intervention at Week 8; change from Mid-Intervention at Week 4 to Post-intervention at Week 8

Burnout

Single-item question to measure burnout on a scale from 1-5, where 5 is feeling completely burned out to the point change is needed.

Time frame: Change from Baseline to Mid-Intervention at Week 4; change from Baseline to Post-intervention at Week 8; change from Mid-Intervention at Week 4 to Post-intervention at Week 8