Cognitive Processing Therapy in Syrian Women Exposed to IPV

British University In Egypt30 enrolled

Overview

This study aims to explore the efficacy of cognitive processing therapy (CPT) in treating depression, anxiety, PTSD, and difficulties with emotion regulation in Syrian females who have suffered intimate partner violence (IPV). Clinicians will conduct interviews with women and request that they complete the CAPS, Beck Depression Inventory II, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and DERS during pretreatment, posttreatment, and at the 12-month follow-up. Cognitive processing therapy (CPT) may have a substantial therapeutic benefit in the treatment of depression, anxiety, PTSD, and difficulties in emotion regulation among Syrian females who have suffered intimate partner violence.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

NONE

Enrollment

Conditions

Depression Anxiety PTSD

Interventions

Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT)BEHAVIORAL

The CPT therapist will teach the patient about PTSD, depression, and anxiety, and outline the treatment regimen and rationale for its effectiveness. In the initial sessions, women will be asked to express their impact statements on the intimate partner violence to which they had been subjected. Women will be taught how to differentiate between events, thoughts, and emotions, as well as their interrelationships. Thoughts of self-blame and other misconceptions of the situation will be addressed using Socratic questioning. Women will be instructed on how to detect and counteract negative thoughts, as well as how to communicate more effectively. Women will be encouraged to evaluate negative thinking relating to five themes: safety, trust, power/control, self-esteem, and intimacy. During the final sessions, their impact statements on the violence to which they had been subjected will be altered to include emotional and cognitive insights obtained during the CPT.

Eligibility

Sex: FEMALEMin age: 16 YearsMax age: 65 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * being a Syrian female who currently exposes to intimate partner violence, * lives in Egypt * has a good knowledge of English language because all assessments and therapy materials are in English. Exclusion Criteria: having: * cognitive difficulties * schizophrenia (or any other psychotic disorders).

Locations (1)

The British university in Egypt

Cairo, Egypt

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Women's Health and Domestic Violence against Women questionnaire

Version 11 of the WHO Multi-Country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence against Women questionnaire (WHO, 2005). This instrument comprises of an informed consent form, a household questionnaire, and a 1-item questionnaire regarding the circumstances of women. The WHO Multi-country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence assesses whether women have been subjected to any kind of intimate partner violence throughout their lives. The four components of intimate partner violence are physical, sexual, emotional, and controlling violence. Indicators were dichotomous, with 1 indicating whether or not the individual was a victim of IPV (1 = "Yes", 0 = "No"). Women were asked a number of questions on whether they had ever encountered a variety of behaviours belonging to one of the four groups. For each act of violence, participants will be required to identify whether it had occurred in their lives and how frequently it had occurred

Time frame: At first interview, pretreatment

Change from Baseline on Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale at 3 months and at 12 months

Currently, the CAPS-5 (Weathers et al., 2015) is the global standard for PTSD evaluation and is used to evaluate PTSD symptoms. This 30-item structured interview was created by the National Centre for PTSD of the US Department of Veterans Affairs. Generally, the interview may be conducted in 45 to 60 minutes. Each CAPS-5 question addresses both the frequency and severity of each PTSD symptom. These questions have been categorized. Each criteria comprises many questions, and at the end, the points for each criterion are totaled together. CAPS-5 total symptom severity score is calculated by summing severity scores for the 20 DSM-5 PTSD symptoms. The cutoff score for CAPS-5 is 45. Higher scores on CAPS mean a worse outcome. Improvement was defined as a 5 point reduction in the overall CAPS-5 scores. Remission was defined as loss of diagnosis and no longer having any PTSD symptoms according to minimum severity scores on CAPS-5 (\< 12)

Time frame: baseline (pre-intervention), posttreatment (immediately after the intervention, an average of 3 months), 12-months after the intervention

Change from Baseline on Beck Depression Inventory II scores at 3 months and at 12 months

BDI-II measured depression symptoms. BDI-II is a 21-item self-report assessment measuring depressive attitudes and symptoms (Beck et al., 1996). BDI-II takes 10 minutes. Minimal range=0-13, mild depression=14-19, moderate depression=20-28, and severe depression=29-63. BDI-II is reliable and valid (Beck et al., 1996)

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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