Opioid dependence, for example involving addiction to injected or inhaled heroin or similar compounds, is associated with high mortality, typically from opioid overdose, and causes major physical and mental health complications, social problems and crime. Opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) has proven effective in opioid dependence. In 2014, a patient's choice reform in Skåne county, Sweden, was introduced and led to a vast extension of OMT in the region, including a large number of treatment providers and high access to treatment. Still, opioid-related mortality in the region remains high. While patients' access to treatment has been increased, the content and nature of treatment in the present system has been questioned. The present system, which dramatically altered treatment conditions and access for OMT in this region, has never been formally evaluated in any large-scale study. This study aims to assess clinical course of patients receiving OMT before and during the patient choice reform system, and effects on the extent and nature of opioid-related mortality in the region.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
2,500
A reform dramatically expanding access to opioid maintenance treatment (with methadone or buprenorphine) in the region.
Malmö Addiction Center
Malmo, Sweden
Mortality
Mortality and cause of death
Time frame: study inclusion through 2022
Hospitalization for substance use disorder treatment
Hospitalization for substance use disorder treatment
Time frame: study inclusion through 2022
Mental health disorder
Occurrence of a mental health disorder diagnosis aparts from opioid dependence in diagnosis and prescription drug registers
Time frame: study inclusion through 2022
Physical disorder
Occurrence of a physical disorder diagnosis aparts from opioid dependence in diagnosis and prescription drug registers
Time frame: study inclusion through 2022
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