Initial Testing of a Mobile App Pain Coping Intervention for Outpatient Oncology Settings (PainPac)

Acceptability as Measured by the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire.

10-item Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ). This questionnaire contains 10 items rated from 1=low acceptability to 4=high acceptability; scores are created by utilizing the Likert Scale to average Client Satisfaction Questionnaire answers resulting in a score range from 1-4. The participant will complete this acceptability questionnaire as part of the post-session follow up assessment. A higher score indicates a higher satisfaction, with 32 indicating 100% satisfaction and 8 indicating 0% satisfaction.

Time frame: Post-treatment assessment (5-8 weeks post-baseline)

Acceptability as Measured by Atkinson's Tool of mHealth Innovations.

Atkinson's tool will also be used to assess perceived attributes of mHealth innovations. Tool has 30 items about mHealth, participant indicates their level of agreement or disagreement on a 6-point Likert scale: l=strongly disagree, 2=disagree, 3=somewhat disagree, 4=somewhat agree. 5=agree, and 6=strongly agree. Scores range from 1-6 with higher scores indicating a more positive assessment of PainPac.

Time frame: Post-treatment assessment (5-8 weeks post-baseline)

Computer Self-Efficacy

Post-Intervention, 10 items on a 10 point scale from 0=not at all confident to 10=completely confident. Total score ranges from 0-100. Patients are asked 10 items regarding their confidence in ability to use technology (computer and smartphone app). Higher scores indicate greater computer self-efficacy.

Time frame: Post-treatment assessment (5-8 weeks post-baseline)

Change in Pain Severity as Assessed With the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI)

Pain will be assessed with the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). Patients will rate their "worst", "least", "average", and "now" pain from 0=no pain to 10=worst pain imaginable. An average of the responses to these items is used to create a single pain severity score.

Time frame: Baseline, Post-Assessment (5-8 weeks post-baseline), 1 month follow-up (9-12 weeks post-baseline)

Pain Interference as Assessed With the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) - Pain Interference Scale

Pain interference will be assessed with the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) - Pain Interference Scale. Patients will rate how much pain interfered with a variety of activities and mood states over the last 7 days from 0=does not interfere to 10=completely interferes. An average of the responses to these items is used to create a single pain severity score ranging from 0-10.

Time frame: Baseline, Post-Assessment (5-8 weeks post-baseline), 1 month follow-up (9-12 weeks post-baseline)

Change in Pain Self-Efficacy for Pain Management

5-item self-efficacy subscale of the Chronic Pain Self-Efficacy Scale. Items ask about patients' certainty about pain control, pain during activities, and reducing pain without extra medication using a 10=very uncertain to 100=very certain scale and averaged. Total score ranges from 10-100. Higher scores correspond to higher self-efficacy for pain management.

Time frame: Baseline, Post-Assessment (5-8 weeks post-baseline), 1 month follow-up (9-12 weeks post-baseline)

Burden as Measured by # of Sessions Completed

Time frame: 3-8 weeks post-baseline

Burden as Measured by # of Days From the Baseline Assessment to Completion of Session 1 (Days to Start Intervention)

Time frame: 0-2 weeks post-baseline

Burden as Measured by # of Days to Complete All Modules/Sessions (Days to Complete Intervention)

Time frame: 3-8 weeks from Session 1

Engagement in Study

Engagement is defined as the number of times/week participants log into PainPac and practice the skills. Engagement will be assessed based on app data and patient self-report. Patient Engagement will be assessed by electronic app data (e.g., PainPac weekly log-ins) and patient self-report defined as the number of times per week they practice the coping skills. \>3 times/week will serve as the benchmark; if participants log into PainPac and/or practice the coping skills \<3 times/week, PainPac will not be considered engaging.

Time frame: 5-8 weeks post-baseline

Change in Quality of Life

This measure assesses healthy days in the last month.

Time frame: Baseline, Post-Assessment (5-8 weeks post-baseline), 1 month follow-up (9-12 weeks post-baseline)

Change in PROMIS - Emotional Distress (Depression) Short Form

Post-intervention and 1-month follow up, 8 items on a 5 point scale from 1=never, 2=rarely, 3=sometimes, 4=often, 5=always. Patients are asked 8-items regarding "in the past 7 days I felt..." to assess their emotional distress levels. The total score ranges from 37.1-81.1, with higher scores indicate higher distress.

Time frame: Baseline, Post-Assessment (5-8 weeks post-baseline), 1 month follow-up (9-12 weeks post-baseline)