How to Reduce Unnecessary Blood Cultures: Construction and Validation of a Predictive Score for Blood Culture Positivity in Intensive Care

Area under the ROC curve of the diagnostic performance of body temperature to predict bacteremia or fungemia;

Time frame: day 1- day 28

Area under the ROC curve of the diagnostic performance of the Shapiro score for predicting bacteremia or fungemia;

Time frame: day 1- day 28

Proportion of bacteremia or fungemia identified by blood cultures in patients on antibiotic therapy and broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, and factors associated with these bacteremias or fungemias;

Time frame: day 1- day 28

Comparison of the diagnostic performance of the score in predicting bacteremia or fungemia observed during the first 48 hours of hospitalization to later bacteremias;

Time frame: 48 hours

Descriptive study of the contribution of blood cultures, whatever their results, to the prescription of anti-infectives.

Time frame: day 1- day 28

Efficiency of the new predictive score for blood culture positivity in Intensive Care, as compared with body temperature and Shapiro score, measured by two Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratios (ICER): ICER (incremental cost per additional well-detecte

A tree decision model will compare three strategies for predicting positive blood cultures: the new predictive score, body temperature and Shapiro score. Within-trial data will be used to define the model parameters. The model will consider the costs related to the implementation of the strategies, blood cultures, and potential delays in patient management. This will result in the estimation of the two ICERs.