Green Coffee Effect on Metabolic Syndrome

Inclusion Criteria: Participants were enrolled if they were * aged 20-60y * waist circumference \>102 cm in male; 88 cm in female * triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L) * HDL-C\<40 mg/dL (1.03 mmol/L) in males \& \<50 mg/dL (1.29 mmol/L) in females * systolic BP ≥ 130 or diastolic BP ≥ 85 mm Hg. Exclusion Criteria: * liver, kidney, coronary artery disease, type I diabetes, autoimmune diseases, cancer, infection, smoking, recent major surgery, routine coffee consumption, pregnancy or breast-feeding, use of anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, hormone replacement therapy, weight-loss and anti-hypercholesterolemic medications three months or less prior to enrolment