Evaluation of Maxillary Canine Retraction Assisted With Two Different Methods of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound

Inclusion Criteria: \- All patients should satisfy the following criteria: 1. An age ranges from 15-22 years. 2. Severe crowding or protrusion requiring 1st premolar extractions followed by symmetrical canine retraction. 3. All permanent teeth present, 3rd molars are excluded. 4. Good oral hygiene. 5. No systemic disease/medication that could interfere with orthodontic tooth Movement (OTM). 6. No previous orthodontic treatment. Exclusion Criteria: * 1\. Patient diagnosed to have an indication for non-extraction approach. 2. Poor oral hygiene or periodontally compromised patient. 5 3. Patient with craniofacial anomalies or previous history of trauma, bruxism or parafunctions. 4. Previous orthodontic treatment. 5. Any implanted assistive devices (e.g., pacemakers, cochlear implants, etc.) 6. Pregnant females.