Assessment of Early Detection and Prognosis Based on cfDNA Methylation in Multiple Myeloma

Inclusion Criteria for Cancer Participants: * Age 40-75 years * Ability to provide a written informed consent * Pathologically confirmed diagnosis of multiple myeloma or highly suspicious cases of multiple myeloma * No prior or ongoing anti-cancer treatment (local or systematic) prior to study blood draw Inclusion Criteria for Benign Disease Participants: * Age 40-75 years * Ability to provide a written informed consent * Pathologically confirmed diagnosis of benign hematologic disorders or highly suspicious cases with benign hematologic disorders * No prior or ongoing radical treatment of the benign hematologic disorders prior to study blood draw Inclusion Criteria for Healthy Participants * Age 40-75 years * Ability to provide a written informed consent * No cancer-related symptoms or other uncomfortable symptoms prior to study blood draw Exclusion Criteria for All Participants: * Insufficient qualified blood samples * Recipient of organ transplant or prior non-autologous (allogeneic) bone marrow or stem cell transplant * Recipient of blood transfusion within 7 days prior to blood draw * Recipient of anti-tumor drugs to treat non-cancer diseases within 30 days prior to blood draw, such as rheumatic drugs (methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, or azathioprine), or endocrine drugs (tamoxifen) Additional Exclusion Criteria for Cancer Participants: • Other current malignant diseases or multiple primary tumors Additional Exclusion Criteria for Benign Disease Participants: • Current or history of malignancies Additional Exclusion Criteria for Healthy Participants: * Recipient of anti-infectious therapy within 14 days prior to study blood draw * Prior or ongoing treatment of cancer within 3 years prior to study blood draw * Current autoimmune disease or clinically significant or uncontrolled comorbidities