Depression and anxiety symptoms are common during pregnancy which may disturb the intrauterine environment by affecting the mother's physiological responses to stress, and ultimately impair fetal and postnatal development. There is increasing evidence about the effects of maternal distress on young brain tissue leading to some structural changes. The neurological footprints of these structural changes on the young brain may be caught early in life by a video assessment of General Movements (GMs) quality.
Depression and anxiety symptoms are common during pregnancy and are estimated to affect 7% - 20% of pregnant women, constituting significant risks for mothers and babies. Depression and anxiety may disturb the intrauterine environment by affecting the mother's physiological responses to stress, and ultimately impair fetal and postnatal development. Increasing evidence shows that prenatal exposure to maternal depression and anxiety is associated with several lifelong adverse outcomes in children, including physical health problems, emotional and behavioral difficulties, and low verbal IQ. Such maladaptive outcomes are thought to have a neurobiological basis and there is increasing evidence about the effects of maternal distress on young brain tissue leading to some structural changes. However, what is more important is that the neurological footprints of these structural changes on the young brain can be caught early in life. The neurological status of infants can be determined early in life by video assessment of General Movements (GMs) quality. In this study at the age of 3 months, a video assessment of the quality of GMs will be performed to evaluate neurologic conditions.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
120
The variation, complexity and fluency of movements over a video recording is done and the quality of GMs is classified as normal-optimal, normal-suboptimal, mildly abnormal, and definitely abnormal movements.
The scale consists of 20 items in total and provides a four-point Likert type measurement (1- anxiety symptom is not present, 4- the symptom lasts all the time). Scores range from 20 (low anxiety) to 80 (high anxiety).
BDI contains 21 items and rates the depressive symptoms for the last week. Each item has four options and is scored between 0 and 3. The total score ranges from 0 to 63. Higher scores indicate more severe depression
Karaman Training and Research Hospital
Karaman, Turkey (Türkiye)
Relationship Between Prenatal Maternal Anxiety and the Quality of General Movements
Univariate statistical analyses will be performed to calculate differences in mothers' STAI-T scores between children with normal and abnormal GMs.
Time frame: 3-5 months
Relationship Between Prenatal Maternal Depression and the Quality of General Movements
Univariate statistical analyses will be performed to calculate differences in mothers' BDI scores between children with normal and abnormal GMs.
Time frame: 3-5 months
Multivariate analyses will be carried out with control variables
Significant primary outcome measures will be controlled with: * Maternal age (years) * Maternal education (Literate, Elementary school, Middle School, High school, University) * Marital status (married, separated, divorced, widow) * Maternal height (m) * Maternal weight before pregnancy (kg) * Maternal weight at birth (kg) * Maternal BMI before pregnancy (Maternal weight before pregnancy/Maternal height) (kg/m\^2) * Maternal BMI at birth (Maternal weight at birth/Maternal height)(kg/m\^2) * Type of delivery (Vaginal spontaneous, Instrumental, Assisted vaginal, Elective C/S, Emergency C/S), * Birth order * Gestational age at birth (days) * Infant birth weight (grams) * Infant birth height (cm) * Infant birth head circumference (cm) * Infant gender (boy, girl) * Infant 1st and 5th minute Apgar scores * Breastfeeding (\>6wk, \<=6 wk)
Time frame: 3-5 months
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