The study is a cross-sectional-descriptive study. Cases who met the inclusion criteria, agreed to participate in the study voluntarily, were active smokers, passive smokers and non-smokers will be included. The subjects will be given the maximal voluntary breath-hold test, the 6-minute walk test, and the 30-second sit-and-stand test, and will be asked to answer questions about smoking. The physical conditions of the groups will be compared.
The study is a cross-sectional-descriptive study. Cases who met the inclusion criteria, agreed to participate in the study voluntarily, were active smokers, passive smokers and non-smokers will be included. Active smoking, passive smoking status and non-smoker status of the cases will be determined within the framework of the definitions given below. * Active smoker: Having smoked at least 1 cigarette per day for at least 2 years. * Passive smoker: Being exposed to secondhand smoke for more than 15 minutes at home, school, office or anywhere in the past year, once a week. * Non-smoker: Not being an active or passive smoker. The subjects will be given the maximal voluntary breath-hold test, the 6-minute walk test, and the 30-second sit-and-stand test, and will be asked to answer questions about smoking.The physical conditions of the groups will be compared.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
893
Being active smoker
Being exposed to secondhand smoke
Not being an active or passive smoker.
Esra Pehlivan
Istanbul, Üsküdar, Turkey (Türkiye)
Six-minute walking test
The subject will be asked to walk for 6 minutes on a flat surface of 30 meters and the distance covered will be recorded. The test will be performed in accordance with the American Thoracic Society guidelines
Time frame: 1 day
Maximal voluntary breath-hold time
The maximum voluntary breath-hold test is a quick and simple test that consists of measuring the apnea time after a deep inspiration. The clinical utility of this test has been proven in certain respiratory pathologies. In the test, the subject will be seated in a chair with back support, a deep inspiration will be asked, and the breath-holding time will be recorded in seconds. The test will be repeated three times with sufficient rest periods in between, and the longest time will be analyzed.
Time frame: 1 day
Thirty Seconds Sit and Stand test
During the test, the individual performs the sit-stand-sit maneuver from a standard height chair within 30 seconds without using his arms as much as possible. The number of sitting and standing up during this period is recorded.
Time frame: 1 day
Fagerstrom Nicotine Addiction Test
Dependence analysis will be performed on smokers according to the Fagerström nicotine addiction test and the scales for evaluating the psychological dependence of cigarettes. It is a six-question questionnaire created by revising the Fagerstrom tolerance questionnaire. In the scoring made according to the answers given to the questions, 0-2 points is called very mild addiction and 8-10 points is called very severe addiction
Time frame: 1 day
Evaluation scale of psychological dependence on cigarette
It is a scale used in the evaluation of psychological dependence on cigarettes. The possible scores range from 25 to 75. As the scale score increases, the degree of psychological dependence increases; Scoring; 25-41 score: mildly addicted 42-58 score: moderate addiction
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Time frame: 1 day