The purpose of the study is to determine how cognitive control training (CCT) changes behavior in youth with subclinical depressive symptoms. This research will show what types of behavior changes are important for CCT to help reduce depressive symptoms. In the future, this information will be used to try to improve prevention of the development of depression, so that it can help more patients.
The primary study investigator acknowledges contributions from Kate Fitzgerald, Emily Bilek, Christopher Monk, and Adriene Beltz.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
31
The EndeavorRx video game is a digital therapeutic designed to improve attention and related cognitive control processes by training interference management. \~25 minutes of EndeavorRx video game play per day, for 5 days/week, for up to 4 weeks
University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
Change in Depressive Symptoms as Measured by Children's Depression Inventory (CDI)
The CDI was a self-report, 27 item scale used to measure depressive symptoms. Total scores on the CDI ranged from 0 (no depressive symptoms) to 54 (extremely severe depressive symptoms). Higher scores indicated worse depressive symptoms. CDI scores were collected from participants at three timepoints: 1) baseline, 2) approximately 5 weeks after baseline, and 3) up to 4 months after baseline. Results reflect CDI scores collected at the first and second timepoints.
Time frame: Baseline and approximately 5 weeks after
Change in Depressive Symptoms as Measured by Children's Depression Rating Scale - Revised (CDRS-R)
The CDRS-R is a clinician-administered tool used to assess the severity of depression in children and adolescents based on a 17-item scale of depressive symptoms. Total raw scores on this scale range from 17-113, with 17 indicating no or minimal depressive symptoms and 113 indicating extremely severe symptoms of depression. CDRS-R scores were collected from participants at three timepoints: 1) baseline, 2) approximately 5 weeks after baseline, and 3) up to 4 months after baseline. Results reflect CDRS-R scores collected at the first and second timepoints.
Time frame: Baseline and approximately 5 weeks after
Change in Cognitive Control Capacity - Overall Reaction Time (RT) Stroop
The Stroop task assesses cognitive control and emotion regulation over emotional information processing by measuring how quickly individuals name the ink color of words that are emotionally-charged or neutral. For this measure, lower scores indicated better performance, i.e., better cognitive control and emotion regulation. Results reflect the average reaction time across all trials of the Stroop task that participants completed.
Time frame: Baseline and approximately 5 weeks after
Change in Cognitive Control Capacity - Conflict RT Stroop
The Stroop task assesses cognitive control and emotion regulation over emotional information processing by measuring how quickly individuals name the ink color of words that are emotionally-charged or neutral. For this measure, lower scores indicated better performance, i.e., better cognitive control and emotion regulation. Results reflect the difference in the reaction time between incongruent trials and congruent trials on the Stroop task.
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Time frame: Baseline and approximately 5 weeks after
Change in Cognitive Control Capacity - Overall RT Flanker
The Flanker task is a psychological experiment that assesses a person's ability to focus on a target stimulus while ignoring distracting stimuli. For this measure, higher scores indicate better performance. Results reflect the average reaction time across all trials of the Flanker task that participants completed at this timepoint.
Time frame: Baseline and approximately 5 weeks after
Change in Cognitive Control Capacity - Conflict RT Flanker
The Flanker task is a psychological experiment that assesses a person's ability to focus on a target stimulus while ignoring distracting stimuli. For this measure, higher scores indicate better performance. Results reflect the difference in the reaction time between incongruent trials and congruent trials of the Flanker task.
Time frame: Baseline and approximately 5 weeks after
Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) at Third Timepoint
The CDI was a self-report, 27 item scale used to measure depressive symptoms. Total scores on the CDI ranged from 0 (no depressive symptoms) to 54 (extremely severe depressive symptoms). Higher scores indicated worse depressive symptoms. CDI scores were collected from participants at three timepoints: 1) baseline, 2) approximately 5 weeks after baseline, and 3) up to 4 months after baseline. Results reflect CDI scores collected at the third timepoint.
Time frame: Up to 4 months
Depressive Symptoms as Measured by Children's Depression Rating Scale - Revised (CDRS-R) at Third Timepoint
The CDRS-R is a clinician-administered tool used to assess the severity of depression in children and adolescents based on a 17-item scale of depressive symptoms. Total raw scores on this scale range from 17-113, with 17 indicating no or minimal depressive symptoms and 113 indicating extremely severe symptoms of depression. CDRS-R scores were collected from participants at three timepoints: 1) baseline, 2) approximately 5 weeks after baseline, and 3) up to 4 months after baseline. Results reflect CDRS-R scores collected at the third timepoint.
Time frame: Up to 4 months
Cognitive Control Capacity - Overall Reaction Time (RT) Stroop
The Stroop task assesses cognitive control and emotion regulation over emotional information processing by measuring how quickly individuals name the ink color of words that are emotionally-charged or neutral. For this measure, lower scores indicated better performance, i.e., better cognitive control and emotion regulation. Results reflect the average reaction time across all trials of the Stroop task that participants completed at this timepoint.
Time frame: Up to 4 months
Cognitive Control Capacity - Conflict RT Stroop
The Stroop task assesses cognitive control and emotion regulation over emotional information processing by measuring how quickly individuals name the ink color of words that are emotionally-charged or neutral. For this measure, lower scores indicated better performance, i.e., better cognitive control and emotion regulation. Results reflect the difference in the reaction time between incongruent trials and congruent trials on the Stroop task.
Time frame: Up to 4 months
Cognitive Control Capacity - Overall RT Flanker
The Flanker task is a psychological experiment that assesses a person's ability to focus on a target stimulus while ignoring distracting stimuli. For this measure, higher scores indicate better performance. Results reflect the average reaction time across all trials of the Flanker task that participants completed at this timepoint.
Time frame: Up to 4 months
Cognitive Control Capacity - Conflict RT Flanker
The Flanker task is a psychological experiment that assesses a person's ability to focus on a target stimulus while ignoring distracting stimuli. For this measure, higher scores indicate better performance. Results reflect the difference in the reaction time between incongruent trials and congruent trials on the Flanker task.
Time frame: Up to 4 months