Epidural Stimulation After Neurologic Damage: Long-Term Outcomes

Inclusion Criteria: * 22 years of age or older * Able to undergo the informed consent process * Stable spinal cord injury * International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI) neurologic level of injury below C5 * No ventilator dependency within the last year * American Spinal Injury Association (AISA) imparement scale"A" or "B" in the absence of spinal cord stimulation * Medically stable in the judgment of the Principal investigator * Greater than 1 year since initial injury and at least 6 months from any required spinal instrumentation and 2 months from spinal cord stimulator surgery * Has an existing and functional implanted spinal cord stimulator system that is FDA approved and can be corroborated by hospital documentation * Spinal imaging of the stimulator system Exclusion Criteria: * Current and anticipated need for opioid pain medications or pain that would prevent full participation in the rehabilitation program in the judgment of the principal investigator * Use of botulinum toxin (Botox) injections in the previous six months * Clinically significant mental illness in the judgment of the principal investigator * Other conditions or medications that would make the subject unable to participate in testing/rehabilitation in the judgment of the principal investigator * Nonfunctional spinal cord stimulator or near end-of-life, determined by the PI * Current Pregnancy * Current pain relief from the spinal cord stimulator if the indication for implantation was for management of chronic pain.