The study approach is to leverage the most cutting-edge techniques of multi-omics biology, wearable physiology, and digital real-time psychology profiling and using machine learning models to understand the mechanisms underlying the strategies and techniques that enable participants the power to initiate and maintain sustainable behavior change. Over the years, millions of people worldwide have attended immersive personal development seminars aiming to improve participants' health behaviors and wellness. Nevertheless, there's a scarcity of large-scale studies to assess their effects on behavior change and investigate their mechanism of action. A recent publication by the Science of Behavior Change Program (SOBC), launched by the National Institute of Health (NIH), recognized that: "science has not yet delivered a unified understanding of basic mechanisms of behavior change across a broad range of health-related behaviors, limiting progress in the development and translation of effective and efficacious behavioral intervention." As such, understanding the mechanisms underlying sustainable behavior change is key.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
1,445
6 days of immersive seminar
Stanford university
Palo Alto, California, United States
Mental performance biomarker index.
An algorithm will be used to create an index score using known biomarkers (psychosocial, physiological, and biological) related to participants' personalized mental performance. Higher index scores will indicate a better mental performance index. This outcome is assessed in the DWD group only.
Time frame: one-year
Change from baseline in Oldenburg Burnout Inventory score (OLBI)
Participant self-report burnout assessed by OBLI survey, a 16-item questionarie assesing disengagement and exhaustion with a score range of 16-64, where higher scores indicate higher burnout; assessed in all participants.
Time frame: baseline through year one
Change from baseline in Percieved Stress Scale score (PSS-10)
Participant self-report perceived stress assessed by the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), a 10-item questionnaire with a score range of 0-40, where higher scores indicate greater perceived stress; assessed in all participants.
Time frame: baseline through year one
Change from baseline in well-being score.
Participant self-report well-being assessed by the PERMA-H Profiler, a 23-item questionnaire measuring psychological well-being across five domains: positive and negative emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment (range 0-10 per item, higher scores indicate greater well-being); assessed in all participants.
Time frame: baseline through year one
Change from baseline in subjective health score.
Participant self-report subjective health assessed by the health domain in the PERMA-H Profiler (range 0-10 per item, higher scores indicate higher subjective health); assessed in all participants.
Time frame: baseline through year one
Change from baseline in Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10)
Participant self-report resilience assessed by CD-RISC-10 survey, a 10-item questionarie assesing resilience with a score range of 0 - 40, where higher scores indicate greater resilience; assessed in all participants.
Time frame: baseline through year one
Change from baseline in General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE-10)
Participant self-report self-efficacy assessed by GSE-10 survey, a 10-item questionarie assesing self-efficacy with a score range of 0 - 40, where higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy; assessed in all participants.
Time frame: baseline through year one
Change from baseline in Gratitude Questionnaire-Six Item Form (GQ-6)
Participant self-report gratitude assessed by the GQ-6 survey, a 6-item questionnaire measuring gratitude with a score range of 6-42, where higher scores indicate higher levels of gratitude; assessed in all participants.
Time frame: baseline through year one
Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMAs) score
EMAs scores rated by participants to assess momentary mood and cognitive states. This outcome is assessed in the DWD group only.
Time frame: baseline through year one
Professional Fulfillment Index (PFI) score
Participant self-report positive and negative facets of professional life assessed by PFI survey, a 16-item questionarie assesing fulfillment, work exhaustion, and interpersonal disengagement (range 0-4 per item). This outcome is assessed in the DWD group only.
Time frame: baseline through year one
WHO Quality of Life (WHO-QoL-BREF-26) score
Participant self-report quality of life assessed by the WHO-QoL-BREF-26 questionnaire, a 26-item questionnaire measuring physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environmental health (each domain scored from 4 to 20, with higher scores indicating better quality of life). This outcome is assessed in the DWD arm only.
Time frame: baseline through year one
Growth-Fixed Mindset score
Participants self-report mindset assessed by the Growth and Fixed Mindset questionnaire, adapted to a 3-item questionnaire measuring growth/fixed mindset (higher scores indicating a stronger inclination toward a growth mindset). This outcome is assessed in DWD arm only.
Time frame: baseline through year one
Goals attainment score
Participant self-report goals attainment assessed by the goals achievement survey, a 14-item questionarie assessing participants' attainment of specific goals (range 0-10 per item). This outcome is assessed in the DWD group only.
Time frame: baseline through year one
Human Needs score
Participant self-report human needs assessed by the human needs survey, a 36-item questionnaire assessing participants' perceptions of their essential needs (range 0-10 per item). This outcome is assessed in the DWD group only.
Time frame: baseline through year one
Participants experiences and 0pinions
Semi-structered Interviews with participants about their personal experiences and opinions after the workshop. This outcome will be assessed in DWD arm only.
Time frame: Up to 5 years after completion of the intervention
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