In both complete and partial tooth loss, the use of dental implants as artificial replacements for missing teeth is a well-established and effective treatment modality, leading to high patient satisfaction and improved quality of life (1). Horizontal deficiencies of the alveolar ridge can hinder implant-supported rehabilitation due to insufficient bone volume to support implant dimensions, negatively affecting the final prosthetic outcome from both functional and esthetic perspectives (2). The split-crest technique reduces treatment time, the number of required surgical procedures, and the risk of complications, making it more acceptable to patients. Additionally, it allows for dental implant placement during the same surgical procedure and eliminates the need for a donor site for graft harvesting (3). In this study, patients with posterior tooth loss in a narrow mandibular ridge underwent dental implant rehabilitation following alveolar ridge splitting and expansion performed using osseodensification, piezosurgery, or a magnetic mallet.
The objective of this study is to compare ridge width gain following ridge splitting and expansion with simultaneous implant placement using osseodensification, piezosurgery, or a magnetic mallet in individuals with narrow mandibular alveolar ridges. Thirty-nine patients will be randomly allocated into three groups. In Group 1, ridge splitting and expansion will be performed using piezosurgery and bone expanders, followed by simultaneous implant placement. In Group 2, osseodensification burs will be used after ridge splitting, with simultaneous implant placement. In Group 3, a magnetic mallet will be used after ridge splitting, with simultaneous implant placement.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
39
Procedure: Two horizontal and one vertical osteotomies will be performed using piezosurgery, followed by ridge expansion with osseodensification burs. Immediate implant placement will then be performed.
Procedure: Two horizontal and one vertical osteotomies will be performed using piezosurgery, followed by ridge expansion using chisels with a magnetic mallet. Immediate implant placement will then be performed.
Two horizontal and one vertical osteotomies will be performed using piezosurgery, followed by ridge expansion using piezosurgery inserts and bone expanders. Immediate implant placement will then be performed.
University of Damascus
Damascus, Syria
The marginal bone loss
Changes in bone height following ridge splitting and expansion were assessed radiographically. Measurements were performed using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and periapical radiography
Time frame: Assessments will be conducted 4 months after surgery and 6 months after functional loading.
The bone width gain radiographically
The extent of bony expansion represents the increase in alveolar ridge width in the buccolingual direction, as determined by radiographic assessment using CBCT.
Time frame: At baseline, after surgery, 4 months after surgery, and 6 months after functional loading.
Implant stability quotients (ISQ)
The Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ), measured using the MEGA device, provides a numerical assessment of both primary and secondary stability of dental implants. The scale ranges from 1 to 100, with higher values indicating greater stability and a higher likelihood of successful osseointegration.
Time frame: Measurements will be taken at the time of surgery and again 4 months postoperatively.
Insertion Torque
The implant insertion torque was measured during implant placement using a dental implant torque wrench and recorded in Newton-centimeters (N·cm).
Time frame: During the surgical procedure.
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