Carnosine is a dipeptide synthesized in the body from β-alanine and L-histidine. It was originally discovered in skeletal muscle where it is present in larger amounts than in other tissues, but it is also found in high concentrations in the brain, heart, and gastrointestinal tissues of humans. Although its physiological role has not been completely understood yet, carnosine is a non-enzymatic free-radical scavenger and a natural antioxidant and has anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. The hypothesis of this research is that the consumption of carnosine supplements in the form of capsules, as well as chicken meat enriched with carnosine (functional food) has a beneficial effect on vascular reactivity measured in different vascular basins, and the lipid profile with a positive effect on the reduction of oxidative stress and inflammatory response in healthy sedentary people. subjects and active athletes measured in different vascular basins. The main goal of this study is to investigate the influence of carnosine supplement consumption (in the form of capsules and functional food) on vascular and endothelial function in a population of healthy young subjects and active athletes.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
100
Intake of carnosine supplement in form of capsules or functionally enriched chicken meet for three weeks
Intake of placebo capsules or regular chicken meet for three weeks
Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossayer University of Osijek
Osijek, Croatia
RECRUITINGMicrovascular endothelial function
Cutaneous microvascular blood flow will be measured by Laser Doppler Flowmetry in response to vascular occlusion (post occlusive reactive hyperaemia - PORH), in response to iontophoresis of acetylcholine (ACh) and local thermal hyperemia (LTH).
Time frame: 3 weeks
Macrovascular endothelial function
Measurement of flow mediated dilation (FMD) of brachial artery using ultrasound.
Time frame: 3 weeks
Cerebrovascular reactivity
Measurement of cerebrovascular blood flow using transcranial color Doppler (TCD).
Time frame: 3 weeks
Lipid profile
Measurement of plasma cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides level.
Time frame: 3 weeks
Oxidative stress status
Measurement of Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS).
Time frame: 3 weeks
Systemic hemodynamics
Non-invasive assessment of systemic hemodynamics using impedance cardiography (CardioScreen 2000) - SV Stroke Volume (mL).
Time frame: 3 weeks
Serum Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines, Chemokines, Growth Factors and Soluble Cell Adhesion Molecules Protein Concentration
Measurement of serum protein concentration (pg/mL) of various pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and soluble cell adhesion molecules by kits and panels for multiplex protein quantitation using the Luminex 200 instrument platform.
Time frame: 3 weeks
Body composition
Body composition and body fluid status measurement by a four-terminal portable impedance analyzer. Based on the value of skin resistance (Ohm) empirically derived formulas (the original manufacturer's software) will be used to calculate the estimated Fat Free Mass (FFM kg) and Fat (Fat Mass kg).
Time frame: 3 weeks
Body fluid status
Body fluid status measurement by a four-terminal portable impedance analyzer. Based on the value of skin resistance (Ohm) empirically derived formulas (the original manufacturer's software) will be used to calculate the estimated Total Body Water (TBW L), Extracellular Water (ECW L), Intracellular Water (ICW L), Plasma Fluid (PF L) and Interstitial Fluid (IF L).
Time frame: 3 weeks
Oxidative stress status
Measurement of Ferric-Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP).
Time frame: 3 weeks
Oxidative stress status
Measurement of enzyme activity assay of glutathione peroxidase (GPx).
Time frame: 3 weeks
Systemic hemodynamics
Non-invasive assessment of systemic hemodynamics using impedance cardiography (CardioScreen 2000) - CO Cardiac Output (L/min).
Time frame: 3 weeks
Systemic hemodynamics
Non-invasive assessment of systemic hemodynamics using impedance cardiography (CardioScreen 2000) - SVRI Systemic Vascular Resistance Index (dyn.s.cm-5 m2).
Time frame: 3 weeks
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