The methodology will be applied for the treatment of aggressive episodes. Many people show this kind of behavior associated with several psychological disorders like austistic spectrum disorder (ASD). It will be studied the effect of aggressive outbursts on several physiological signals (heart rate (HR), breathing rate (BR), electroencephalography (EEG), etc). The use of those signals in a biofeedback loop could help patients recognize their internal states and avoid imminent aggression. The study want to verify the efficacy of a cognitive therapy that includes biofeedback and virtual reality (VR) and find out the most significant physiological features that are affected by these episodes.
The first goal is to register the scene together with physiological values before, during and after at least up to four aggressive outbursts at home. Next an outburst is induced and physiological signals before, during and after the aggressive episode are recorded. After it the participants go to a new relaxation phase for another 10-minute period using the VR. In following sessions, they are trained to identify their physiological response when they are relaxed and when an outburst is coming. To do that, the VR system receives and shows the physiological information on the virtual scenario. In following sessions, teenagers are then treated with cognitive, behavioral and emotional self-regulation therapies, which have proven their effectiveness for managing anger and learning positive coping skills. The underlying theory is that people can minimize their negative feelings and behaviors when they are aware of their irrational beliefs and work to change their minds, by focusing on them continuously. At the end of the experiment, the number of aggressive episodes in the last weeks of the intervention will be measured. The differences between the new scores, with respect to the initial ones, will be used to assess the efficacy of the intervention.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
60
Participants are trained to identify their physiological response when they are relaxed and when an outburst is coming. They are treated with cognitive, behavioral and emotional self-regulation therapies for managing anger and learning positive coping skills. Biofeedback toghether with virtual reality help them to improve their recognition and control of emotions.
Universidad de Sevilla
Seville, Spain
RECRUITINGHeart Rate Variability (HRV)
The HRV is especially interesting because it allows as-sessing the activity of the parasympathetic and sympathetic pathways of the autonomic nervous system. We used a wearable placed in the chest with Ag/AgCl electrodes for ECG, placed following the Einthoven's II lead positions. The position of R wave is determined using an appropriate algorithm and then time difference between two consecutive R waves is calculated, this time difference is used to calculed HR. We used 30s-length sliding windows with an overlap of 50%. The instantaneous HR is given by the average HR in such a window after removing the outliers.
Time frame: 1 hour
electrodermal activity (EDA)
EDA is a measure of conductivity of human skin cause by the sweating, and can provide an indication of changes in human sympathetic nervous system (SNS). To process EDA data, we use Ledalab tools, configured with Continuous Decomposition Analysis (CDA) to recover the characteristics of the underlying signal of the sudomotor nerve; with Standard trough-to-peak (TTP), which analyzes maximums and minimums of the data window; and with Global that offers general values of the data. Recorded data are adapted to Ledalab input format by adding events in the time points when the experimenter introduces a tag. We shall use a two-second window with an overlap of 50% and a sensitivity of 1 μS.
Time frame: 1 hour
Electroencephalography (EEG)
The EEG portrays the functioning of the brain. The recording of those signals will be done at a sampling rate of 125 Hz by OpenBCI. In this study it will be used the 16-channel configuration at a sampling rate of 125Hz and the following electrode placement: FP1, FP2, F1, F2, F5, F6, Cz, C3, C4, T7, T8, Pz, P3, P4, O1, O2 (Figure 5). Additional reference and ground electrodes will be placed on the right ear and Fpz positions respectively.
Time frame: 1 hour
Breathing Rate (BR)
Number of breaths a person takes per minute.
Time frame: 1 hour
Skin Temperature (ST)
The temperature of the skin. A minimum window length of 1 min guarantees a spectral resolution of 0.017 Hz at a sampling frequency of 13 Hz.
Time frame: 1 hour
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