Counterfactual Thinking and Decision-making in Parkinson's Disease

Istituto Auxologico Italiano60 enrolled

Overview

The aim of this research is to verify the ability of counterfactual thinking about medical decisions in individuals affected by Parkinson's Disease when compared to healthy individuals.

Study Type

OBSERVATIONAL

Enrollment

Conditions

Parkinson Disease

Interventions

Counterfactual Inference TestBEHAVIORAL

All participants were asked to complete the Counterfactual Inference Test - CIT (McNamara et al., 2003), a neuropsychological test that measures the ability to produce counterfactual-derived inferences. Moreover, the decision-making ability will be specifically tested through ad-hoc questionnaire (i.e., the Decision-Making Questionnaire). Finally, all participants will be screened with an extensive neuropsychological assessment, particularly on executive functioning.

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 20 YearsMax age: 75 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion criteria: • Diagnosis of Parkinson's disease, according to the medical assessment performed by trained neurologists. Exclusion Criteria: * Diagnosis of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome, according to the clinical assessment; * Concurrent neurological, neurodevelopmental (e.g., autism), motor, and/or psychiatric disorders; * Dementia, according to the clinical/neuropsychological assessment.

Locations (1)

IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano - Ospedale San Giuseppe

Piancavallo, VCO, Italy

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

CIT score

Score at the Counterfactual inference test (CIT). The questionnaire is a four question forced choice test based on past research regarding factors that enhance counterfactual thinking. For each of the four questions, events experienced by two individuals are presented, and three response options are given. Only one option is the valid: the score is 1. For the not valid options, the score will be 0. Overall, the score range for the questionnaire is from 0 (worse performance) to 4 (best performance).

Time frame: Baseline

Secondary Outcomes

Decision-making index

Score at the Decision-Making Questionnaire. The self-report questionnaire assesses the decision making ability according to 7 questions, with a 5-item Likert's scale. The overall score (i.e., the sum of the scores at all questions) can range from 7 (worse decision making strategy) to 35 (best decision making strategy).

Time frame: Baseline

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

This platform is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.