Microbiota has been associated with risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, heart failure). In animal models, the gut microbiota produces pro-inflammatory proteoglycans that increase the extent of myocardial infarction, reduced by treatment with probiotics (Lactobacillus). TMAO, a blood metabolite directly dependent on the gut microbiota is related to atherosclerotic plaque instability and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in humans. Recent data demonstrate that blood levels of TMAO directly correlate with the risk of major MACE and mortality in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The goal of this observational study is to evaluate the association between gut microbiota and TMAO serum levels and MACE and major adverse limb events (MALE) in patients with PAD and chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI) requiring a procedure of endovascular revascularization. The main questions it aims to answer are: * association between gut microbiota and TMAO serum levels and MALE after lower extremity revascularization. * association between gut microbiota and TMAO serum levels and MACE after lower extremity revascularization. Patients with CLTI requiring lower extremity endovascular revascularization will undergo stool sampling for determination of gut microbiota and blood sampling for the dosage of circulating TMAO before the endovascular procedure. Incidence of MALE and MACE will be collected in a 24-months follow-up and will be associated with gut microbiota and TMAO serum levels.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
130
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS
Rome, Italy
Association between incidence of MALE and gut microbiota and TMAO serum levels
To evaluate the association between gut microbiota and TMAO serum levels before endovascular revascularization and incidence of MALE during the follow-up period.
Time frame: 24-months follow-up
Association between incidence of myocardial infarction and gut microbiota and TMAO serum levels
To evaluate the association between gut microbiota and TMAO serum levels before endovascular revascularization and incidence of myocardial infarction during the follow-up period.
Time frame: 24-months follow-up
Association between incidence of stroke and gut microbiota and TMAO serum levels
To evaluate the association between gut microbiota and TMAO serum levels before endovascular revascularization and incidence of stroke during the follow-up period.
Time frame: 24-months follow-up
Association between incidence of cardiovascular death and gut microbiota and TMAO serum levels
To evaluate the association between gut microbiota and TMAO serum levels before endovascular revascularization and incidence of cardiovascular death during the follow-up period.
Time frame: 24-months follow-up
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