Many cancer patients are highly susceptible to infection and respond poorly to vaccination. This observational study will determine molecular and cellular features of immunity to viral pathogens in participants with cancer and compare them to healthy controls. The aim is to identify how antiviral immunity in participants with cancer differs from that in healthy participants to understand why cancer patients are more susceptible to infections. In this context, the investigators will also evaluate immunity to medically indicated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and seasonal influenza vaccine received by study participants during standard care (vaccines are not part of the study).
Cancer and its treatments are associated with dysregulated immune systems, and cancer patients are highly susceptible to infections (e.g., influenza, SARS-CoV-2). Importantly, cancer patients often respond poorly to vaccination. The molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying immune dysregulation and poor immunity in cancer patients are manifold, variable among individual patients/conditions, and poorly understood. An in-depth understanding of these mechanisms is essential to identifying novel strategies to prevent infectious diseases and developing individualized therapies. In this observational study, the investigators will collect blood samples from 200 participants with hematological and oncological malignancies and healthy participants and analyze the cellular and humoral immune status in the context of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza infection and vaccination within these samples using systems biological tools. Medically indicated vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 and influenza during study participation is allowed. This study aims to (1) examine the fundamental innate, cellular, and humoral immune responses to pathogens that form the basis of immunological memory and (2) identify molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible for the reduced immune immunity to viral pathogens in participants with cancer.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
200
Whole blood (blood draw/phlebotomy) will be obtained to proceed with immunologic analysis of samples. Collection of biologic samples will occur up to 12 months.
University Hopsital Tuebingen
Tübingen, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany
Differences in virus-specific antibody levels
Determination of differences in plasma and serum antibody levels between healthy participants and participants with cancer.
Time frame: 12 months
Differences in cytokine levels
Determination of differences in plasma and serum cytokine levels between healthy participants and participants with cancer.
Time frame: 12 months
Differences in immune cell composition
Determination of quantitative, phenotypical, and functional differences in immune cells from healthy participants and participants with cancer.
Time frame: 12 months
Differences in molecular immune cell makeup
Determination of epigenetic, transcriptional, and proteomic makeup of immune cells from healthy participants and participants with cancer.
Time frame: 12 months
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