This study aims to examine the clinical efficacy of online Mahjong in improving physical health, cognitive performance, happiness, laboratory biomarkers, and structural brain imaging (magnetic resonance imaging, MRI) by a randomized controlled trial design, and hopefully to expand the scope of healthy aging intervention activities with strong scientific evidence.
Psychomotor function among older adult's decline was associated with reducing people interaction during pandemic has been reported. The research focused on examining the benefit and efficacy of digital based Mahjong games with 6-month intervention is very limited or none. A random control design was conducted with comparing intervention group and with control group, followed the CONSORT guidelines. Six months program was intervened to ensure the impact of the intervention. Primary outcome is brain imagery changes between groups, which showed changes in temporal fusiform cortex but not in resting-state fMRI. The total score of MoCA, delayed recall was increase from baseline to after intervention in experimental group. Overall cognitive function and visuospatial/executive, in experimental group improved more than control group. Improving self-rating daily health status as associated with achievement rate of Mahjong game. Increasing level of resilience was associated with demoralization level, subtraction of cognitive function, and 5th month walking steps. In addition, affecting incased self -rate overall heath was related to demoralization. In short, online mahjong intervention has positive impact on older adults in cognitive function , resilience, demoralization and overall quality of life.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
60
Bonus Winner Mahjong developed by Bonus Winner Online Entertainment Co., Ltd. The participants in experimental group played three times a week, each time requiring at least lasting 30 minutes, for half of a year.
Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital
Taipei, Taiwan
Change in MRI study from baseline to 6 months in the intervention group.
Change in MRI study from baseline to 6 months in the intervention group.
Time frame: baseline and 6 months
Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)
Cognitive function measure by MoCA , which comprise a 30-question test.Score range: 0-30, and a score of 26 and higher is considered normal.
Time frame: baseline and 6 months
EuroQol instrument (EQ-5D)
Quality of life measure by EQ-5D, which include five questions on mobility, self care, pain, usual activities, and psychological status. Score range: There are three level of the answers for each question, the maximum score of 1 refers to the best condition without problem, and higher scores refers more severe of the issue. Moreover, the visual analogue scale (VAS) which from 0-100, higher score indicating better health status.
Time frame: baseline and 6 months
International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)
Physical activity measured by IPAQ, indicates that spent being physically active within the prior 7 days. Score range: There are no established thresholds for presenting MET-minutes, the IPAQ Research Committee proposes that reported as comparisons of median values and interquartile ranges for different populations.
Time frame: baseline and 6 months
Brief Resilience Scale (BRS)
Resilience measured by BRS to assess ability to bounce back or recover from stress and adversity. Score range: 6-30, and higher scores refers to higher level of resilience.
Time frame: baseline and 6 months
Demoralization Scale-Mandarin Version (DS-MV)
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Demoralization measure by DS-MV, comprised 24 items and each rated on a five-point Likert scale.Score range: 0-96, and cut-off point score ≥30 was considered to identified demoralization.
Time frame: baseline and 6 months