The purpose of this study is to know the effectiveness of different robotic devices for gait rehabilitation in stroke patients
Subjects will attend the Neuron rehabilitation clinic on their own to begin a rehabilitation program. After being recruited for the study and signing informed consent the patient will be assessed with the Timed Up and Go Test and 10 Meter Walking Test, and it will be realized a spatio temporal variables analysis with baiobit system and a superficial Electomiografic activity analysis during gait with Noraxon system. Once the assessment is completed, the participant will receive the treatment assigned at his rehabilitation clinic. The patient will receive 30 minutes of robotic treatment with Lexi, Lokomat, C-Mill or the body-weight support treadmill and 15 minutes of overground walking training between 70-85% of HR max. Once the treatment period is over, after 25 sessions, the assessment will be carried out again, recording the initial tests in the same order by the same assessors.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Lexo is a Robot-Assited Gait device based on an end-effector system that supports the weight of the patient and help him to recover the walking function.
Lokomat is a Robot-Assited Gait device based on a fixed exoskeleton that supports the weight of the patient and help him to recover the walking function guiding the hips, knees and feet of the patient while walking.
C- Mill is a body weight support treadmill which includes virtual reality. I can provide feedback to the patient, assisting or hindering the gait task.
Neuron Chamberí
Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Neuron Mercedes
Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Neuron Habana
Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Neuron Madrid Rio
Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Neuron Valencia
Valencia, Spain
Change in gait speed
The velocity at which the patient is able to cover 6 meters at comfortable speed. It will be measured with the 10 Meter walking test in which the evaluator tells the patient to walk over 10 meters and takes the time required to cover the 6 meters in the middle, leaving the 2 initial and final meter for acceleration and deceleration.
Time frame: Change from Baseline in gait speed at 4 weeks
Gait ratio
This refers to the relationship between stride length and gait cadence during walking, and is expressed in mm/step/minute. It represents the tendency of motor stride optimisation to minimise the metabolic cost during walking and has normal values of 6 mm/step/minute in women and 7 mm/step/minute in men with a standard deviation of ±08%. It will be measured using Biobit device.
Time frame: Change from Baseline in gait ratio at 4 weeks
Double stance time during the gait cycle
Double stance during gait occurs when both feet are in contact with the ground at the same time. It will be measured using Biobit device
Time frame: Change from Baseline in double stance time during the gait cycle at 4 weeks
Percentage of time in stance phase during the gait cycle
The stance phase is the part of each gait cycle that begins at heel strike and ends at toe-off. The stance time is therefore the time between the initial contact and the last contact of a single stride. It will be measured using Biobit device
Time frame: Change from Baseline in percentage of time in stance phase during the gait cycle at 4 weeks
Maximal Voluntary Contraction (MVC) of the rectus femurs
Motor unit recruitment capacity of the rectus femoris muscle during maximal contraction. An electrode will be placed in the middle third of the rectus femoris muscle parallel to the muscle fibres and in line with the midline of the patella as described by SENIAM. To carry out the measurement, the patient will be placed in a seated position with the knee at 90º of flexion and in contact with the edge of the stretcher. The patient will be asked to do 2 sets of 10 repetitions at 50% of the MVC as a warm-up and then, after 1 minute rest, the patient will be asked to extend the knee as hard and fast as possible for 3 seconds. This process shall be repeated twice more, leaving 1 minute rest between each contraction, and the measurement with the highest average score in those 3 seconds shall be taken. It will be measured using Noraxon EMG software
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Body-weight support treadmill group will receive the same time and intensity of training like the robotic groups but using the treadmill
Time frame: Change from Baseline in MVC of the rectus femurs at 4 weeks
Co-contraction index
It is an indirect measure of muscle metabolic cost during walking. Thus, using the formula provided by Falconer et al ,ICC=(2×EMG antagonist)/((EMG antagonist+EMG agonist)) ×100, and applying it during the different phases of gait (double stance, monopodal stance, second double stance and swing phase), we obtain the ICC of the muscles responsible for flexion and flexion, second double stance and swing phase), we will obtain the ICC of the musculature in charge of knee flexion-extension (rectus femoris and semitendinosus) and of the musculature in charge of plantar and dorsal flexion of the ankle (tibialis anterior and medial gastrocnemius). It will be measured using Norton EMG software
Time frame: Change from Baseline in co-contraction index at 4 weeks
Changue in balance
Balance has been described as the capacity of controlling the center of pressures while realizing any task. It will be measured with the Berg Balance Scale
Time frame: Change from Baseline in balance at 4 weeks
Change in risk of falling
A fall is defined as an event in which an adult unintentionally loses balance and descends to the ground or other lower surface. It is not related to a medical incident or other overwhelming external force. On the other hand, risk was defined by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as the probability that an undesirable event with respect to an individual's health status will occur. It will be measured by Timed Up and Go Test
Time frame: Change from Baseline in risk of falling at 4 weeks