The goal of this study, named the Active Learning for PHYsical Literacy (ALPHYL) study, was to describe a multicomponent class-based physically-active learning randomized control trial (RCT) in primary school children. The main purpose was to promote children's physical literacy, academic achievement and cognitive function. The ALPHYL study is mainly based on physical literacy, active school models and Supportive, Active, Autonomous, Fair and Enjoyable principles.
The ALPHYL is an 8-10-week RCT that will be conducted in six primary schools (12 classes) in Valencia and its metropolitan area. Schools will be randomly assigned to the intervention or a waiting-list control group. After a 30 h in-person training course for teachers and weekly meetings in the three months of resource preparation, the ALPHYL intervention will be conducted in physical education (PE) and non-PE lessons by teachers. The intervention consists of at least three physically active learning sessions per day plus model-based PE classes. Its feasibility will be evaluated weekly according to the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance framework. To assess its effectiveness, a pre-test, post-test and retention (8-10 weeks after the intervention) with primary outcomes (i.e. physical activity level, motor competence, perceived motor competence and physical literacy, motivation, perceived social support, academic achievement and cognitive function), secondary outcomes and covariates will be collected.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
285
The intervention will last for 8-10 weeks. The ALPHYL intervention will be conducted in physical education (PE) and non-PE lessons by teachers. In addition to the PE lessons, at least three physically active activities in subjects other than PE will be conducted every day (5 days per week), with a total duration of approximately 30 minutes of light and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per day. The weekly dose of physically active learning will thus be 100-150 minutes, so that a volume of 800-1200 minutes is foreseen during the 8-10 weeks. The PE classes will also be conducted in a mix of cooperative learning, non-linear pedagogy and health-based PE.
University of Valencia
Valencia, Spain
Change of the actual motor competence
Assessment of the actual motor competence using Canadian Agility Movement Skill Assessment test
Time frame: Measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 8-10 weeks after the intervention
Change of the physical activity level
Assessment of the physical activity by accelerometers
Time frame: Measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 8-10 weeks after the intervention
Change of the perceived physical literacy
Assessment of this variable using Physical Literacy for Children Questionnaire. Minimum and maximum response values are from 1 to 4. Higher scores mean a better outcome.
Time frame: Measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 8-10 weeks after the intervention
Change of the perceived motor competence
Assessment of this variable using Pictorial scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence. Minimum and maximum response values are from 1 to 4. Higher scores mean a better outcome.
Time frame: Measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 8-10 weeks after the intervention
Change of the self-determined motivation for physical activity
Adapted version for children of the Behavioural Regulation Exercise Questionnaire. Minimum and maximum response values are from 1 to 5. Higher scores mean a better outcome.
Time frame: Measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 8-10 weeks after the intervention
Change of the perceived social support
The Physical Activity Family and Friends Support Scale. Minimum and maximum response values are from 1 to 5. Higher scores mean a better outcome.
Time frame: Measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 8-10 weeks after the intervention
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Change of the academic achievement
Final grade scores at school
Time frame: Measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 8-10 weeks after the intervention
Change of the working memory
Digit Span test
Time frame: Measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 8-10 weeks after the intervention
Change of the executive function
Stroop test
Time frame: Measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 8-10 weeks after the intervention
Change of the active commuting to/from school
Survey adapted from Centers for Disease Control Kids-Walk-to-School programme by investigators of the International Physical Activity and the Environment Network. Participants will indicate the number of days travelling both to and from school by walking, bicycling or skateboarding in an average school week. Total number of active trips per week to and from school will be summed (range = 0-10 trips). Higher scores mean a better outcome.
Time frame: Measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 8-10 weeks after the intervention
Change of the body Mass Index
The assessment of height and weight will be use to calculate body mass index
Time frame: Measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 8-10 weeks after the intervention
Change of the cardiorespiratory fitness
Assessment of this fitness component using Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run test
Time frame: Measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 8-10 weeks after the intervention
Change of the physical activity participation (self-reported)
Physical activity will be self-reported using Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children. Minimum and maximum response values are from 1 to 5. Higher scores mean a better outcome.
Time frame: Measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 8-10 weeks after the intervention
Change of the alienation with school
Health Behaviour in school-age children questionnaire. Minimum and maximum response values are from 1 to 5. Higher scores mean a better outcome.
Time frame: Measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 8-10 weeks after the intervention
Change of the body image perception
Children Body Figure Silhouette evaluation. Minimum and maximum response values are from 1 to 7. Higher scores mean overweight and obese appearance.
Time frame: Measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 8-10 weeks after the intervention
Change of the physical activity intention
Future intention of physical activity scale. Minimum and maximum response values are from 1 to 5. Higher scores mean a better outcome.
Time frame: Measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 8-10 weeks after the intervention
Change of the physical activity psychological need satisfaction according to the Self-Determination Theory at physical education
Basic psychological needs satisfaction scale within physical education setting. Minimum and maximum response values are from 1 to 5. Higher scores mean a better outcome.
Time frame: Measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 8-10 weeks after the intervention
Change of the perceived physical self-concept
The pictorial scale of Physical Self-Concept in Children. Minimum and maximum response values are from 1 to 4. Higher scores mean a better outcome.
Time frame: Measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 8-10 weeks after the intervention
Change of the sedentary behaviour
Youth Leisure-Time Sedentary Behaviour Questionaire in minutes
Time frame: Measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 8-10 weeks after the intervention
Change of the school satisfaction
Intrinsic Satisfaction Classroom Scale. Minimum and maximum response values are from 1 to 5. Higher scores mean a better outcome.
Time frame: Measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 8-10 weeks after the intervention
Change of the social identity
Social Identity Questionnaire for Physical Education/Sport. Minimum and maximum response values are from 1 to 5. Higher scores mean a better outcome.
Time frame: Measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 8-10 weeks after the intervention
Change of the knowledge related to physical activity and healthy lifestyles
This variable will be evaluated using the Self-Determination index. Minimum and maximum response values are from 1 to 5. Higher scores mean a better outcome.
Time frame: Measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 8-10 weeks after the intervention
Change of the math fluency calculation
The Spanish version of the Woodcock-Johnson III test
Time frame: Measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 8-10 weeks after the intervention