Gingival Phenotype Prevalence of Lower Incisors and Associated Risk Factors : a Cross-sectional Study

Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice120 enrolled

Overview

Several types of gingival phenotype can be diagnosed in the general population and their evaluation is an essential clinical criterion in periodontal practice, whether the periodontal therapies are preventive or curative, non-surgical or surgical. Moreover, several authors have shown that the gingival phenotype varies from one dental sector to another, hence the interest of a meticulous and targeted diagnostic approach in relation to the established therapeutic objectives. To date, the gingival phenotype has been not studied extensively in the mandibular incisal area. Therefore, it seems relevant to conduct an observational cross-sectional study on a cohort of patients in good general health and with a healthy and intact periodontium to assess the prevalence of the gingival phenotype in this area. The secondary objective is to highlight the associated intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors for thin gingival phenotype, to anticipate a risk of gingival recession and to propose an early personal therapy.

Study Type

OBSERVATIONAL

Enrollment

120

Conditions

Gingival Diseases

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 18 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * age (18 years old or older) * dental student on the university hospital of Nice * social security affiliate * systemically healthy * healthy and intact periodontium * informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * pregnancy * under any regular medical treatment * active periodontal disease * presence of plaque * enduring orthodontic treatment * periodontal surgery in the mandibulary anterior region * non consent patient * patient under judgment trials.

Locations (1)

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Gingival phenotype prevalence

Assessment of gingival thickness (Kan et al 2015) and keratinised tissue height of the lower incisors with UNC-15 periodontal probe (Hu-Freidy, USA) and clinical photography.

Time frame: 18 months

Secondary Outcomes

Associated risk factors for thin gingival phenotype

Age, gender, smoking habit, orthodontic background, oral hygiene habit, oral ventilation, dysfunction, facial typology, chin shape, visibility of vascularisation and root convexity through the gum, gingival recession (Cairo), frenal insertion and skin type.

Time frame: 18 months