Clinical Outcomes in HIV With Comorbidities

Renal diseases

Renal disease is defined as glomerular filtration rate (GFR) \<60 mL/min/1.73m2, or presence of albuminuria, defined as urine albumin:creatinine \>3 mg/mmol, according to Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) categorization of chronic kidney disease. Blood will be taken for creatinine and urine for creatinine and albumin levels.

Time frame: Baseline

Dyslipidemia

Dyslipidemia is defined as total cholesterol \>5.17 mmol/l, triglyceride \>1.7 mmol/l, HDL cholesterol \<1.03 mmol/l in men and \<1.29 mmol/l in women, or LDL cholesterol \>4.1 mmol/l, or a history of taking anti-hyperlipidemic drugs, according to the National Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (ATP III) guidelines. Fasting blood sample will be taken to measure total, LDL and HDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels.

Time frame: Baseline

Cardiovascular risk

High cardiovascular disease risk is defined as QRISK3 \>10%. QRISK3 will be calculated from QRISK 3 risk calculator at qrisk.org.

Time frame: Baseline

Liver steatosis and fibrosis

Liver steatosis is defined as Controlled Attenuated Parameter (CAP) \>248 dB/m and significant fibrosis is defined as liver stiffness \>9.0 kPa, as measured by transient elastography. Transient elastography will be performed to measure CAP and liver stiffness.

Time frame: Baseline

Low bone mineral density

Low bone mineral density is defined as T score \<-1.0 in men 50 years and in post-menopausal women at either lumbar spine or femoral neck, and Z score \<-2.0 in men younger than 50 years and pre-menopausal women, as measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). DXA scan will be performed to measure bone mineral density at lumbar spine and femoral neck.

Time frame: Baseline