Mortality Reductions Based on AUD/Heavy Alcohol Use, HIV Risk, and Cardiovascular Risk

Change in Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) Score

10-item self-assessment of alcohol use disorders. Items are rated on a scale from 0 to 4. The total score is the sum of responses and ranges from 0-40; higher scores indicate it is more likely the patient's drinking is affecting their health and safety.

Time frame: Baseline, Month 12

Change in Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Concise (AUDIT-C)

4-item self-assessment of alcohol use disorders. Items are rated on a scale from 0 to 4. The total score is the sum of responses and ranges from 0-12; higher scores indicate it is more likely the patient's drinking is affecting their health and safety.

Time frame: Baseline, Month 12

Change in National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) single-item alcohol use screen (NIAAA-1)

The NIAAA-1 asks participants how many times in the past year they have had four or more drinks (for females) or five or more drinks (for males) in a day. The responses are 0 (never), 1 (Less than once a month), 2 (One to three times per month), 3 (One to three times per week) and 4 (More than three times per week). The total score is the item response and ranges from 0-4; higher scores indicate greater unhealthy alcohol use.

Time frame: Baseline, Month 12

Change in 2-Week Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) for Alcohol Use

The TLFB allows participants to indicate how many drinks they have had over the previous two weeks.

Time frame: Baseline, Month 12

Change in Ethanol Glucuronide (ETG) Levels

ETG (ng/ml) will be measured via urine test.

Time frame: Baseline, Month 12

Change in Phosphatidylethanol (PeTH) Levels

PeTH (ng/ml) will be measured via blood test.

Time frame: Baseline, Month 12

Change in CDC HIV Incidence Risk Index Score

3-item assessment of HIV risk among people who inject drugs. The total score ranges from 0 to 100; higher scores indicate greater risk of HIV.

Time frame: Baseline, Month 12

Change in American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology (AHA/ACC) ASCVD Risk Calculator Score

The AHA/ACC Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) Risk Calculator is a questionnaire that uses responses to calculate the lifetime risk of ASCVD as a percentage (0%-100%); higher percentages indicate greater lifetime risk of ASCVD. The percentages are classified as follows: * Low-risk (\<5%) * Borderline risk (5% to 7.4%) * Intermediate risk (7.5% to 19.9%) * High risk (≥20%)

Time frame: Baseline, Month 12

Mean Systolic Blood Pressure

Time frame: Up to Month 12

Mean Diastolic Blood Pressure

Time frame: Up to Month 12

Percent Change in Participants Determined to be "High-Risk" for SUD per TAPS Screening Tool

The Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription medication, and other Substance use (TAPS) Tool is used to assess primary care patients for tobacco, alcohol, prescription drug, and illicit substance use and problems related to their use. Based on patient responses, the tool classifies the patient risk levels as "High Risk," "Problem Use," "Undetermined Risk" and "Minimal Risk." This outcome measures the percent change in participants determined to be "High Risk" for substance abuse disorder (SUD) from baseline to Month 12.

Time frame: Baseline, Month 12