In competitive sport, it is illegal to manipulate erythropoiesis. Manipulated erythropoiesis can indirectly be identified by atypical fluctuations in key haematological variables. However, this method also has limitations and as it is known that some athletes still manipulate erythropoiesis it is necessary to develop new and more sensitive detection methods. The primary purpose of the study is to examine the importance of altered erythropoiesis for surface and intracellular erythrocyte proteins, the number of immature reticulocytes, and for the haematological characteristics of the erythrocyte, such as volume, haemoglobin concentration and concentration of glycosylated haemoglobin, to assess whether these can be used to identify changed erythropoiesis. Furthermore, the aim is to examine whether these parameters are affected by freezer storage of erythrocytes.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
OTHER
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
12
Recombinant human erythropoietin treatment three times per week for three weeks
Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports
Copenhagen, Denmark
Changes in CD71 expression
Treatment induced changes in CD71 expression on red blood cells
Time frame: In the period from two weeks before treatment to three weeks after treatment
Changes in CD35 expression
Treatment induced changes in CD35 expression on red blood cells
Time frame: In the period from two weeks before treatment to three weeks after treatment
Changes in CD47 expression
Treatment induced changes in CD47 expression on red blood cells
Time frame: In the period from two weeks before treatment to three weeks after treatment
Changes in CD55 expression
Treatment induced changes in CD55 expression on red blood cells
Time frame: In the period from two weeks before treatment to three weeks after treatment
Changes in CD59 expression
Treatment induced changes in CD59 expression on red blood cells
Time frame: In the period from two weeks before treatment to three weeks after treatment
Changes in RNA expression
Treatment induced changes in RNA expression in red blood cells
Time frame: In the period from two weeks before treatment to three weeks after treatment
Changes in Mean Cell Volume
Treatment induced changes in Mean Cell Volume distribution of red blood cells
Time frame: In the period from two weeks before treatment to three weeks after treatment
Changes in HbA1c
Treatment induced changes in HbA1c content of red blood cells
Time frame: In the period from two weeks before treatment to three weeks after treatment
Continous blood glucose levels
Continuous blood glucose level throughout the study
Time frame: In the period from two weeks before treatment to three weeks after treatment
Changes in CD71 cryopreserved
CD71 expression on red blood cells before and after cryopreservation
Time frame: Cryopreserved cells are measured 6 months after sample collection
Changes in CD35 cryopreserved
CD35 expression on red blood cells before and after cryopreservation
Time frame: Cryopreserved cells are measured 6 months after sample collection
Changes in CD47 cryopreserved
CD47 expression on red blood cells before and after cryopreservation
Time frame: Cryopreserved cells are measured 6 months after sample collection
Changes in CD55 cryopreserved
CD55 expression on red blood cells before and after cryopreservation
Time frame: Cryopreserved cells are measured 6 months after sample collection
Changes in CD59 cryopreserved
CD59 expression on red blood cells before and after cryopreservation
Time frame: Cryopreserved cells are measured 6 months after sample collection
Changes in RNA cryopreserved
RNA expression inred blood cells before and after cryopreservation
Time frame: Cryopreserved cells are measured 6 months after sample collection
Changes in Mean Cell Volume cryopreserved
Mean Cell Volume distribution of red blood cells before and after cryopreservation
Time frame: Cryopreserved cells are measured 6 months after sample collection
Changes in Ferritin
Quantification of plasma ferritin concentration
Time frame: In the period from two weeks before treatment to three weeks after treatment
Changes in Complete Blood Count on Advia
Complete Blood Count analysis on the Advia 2120i instrument
Time frame: In the period from two weeks before treatment to three weeks after treatment
Changes in Complete Blood Count on Sysmex
Complete Blood Count analysis on the Sysmex XN-450 instrument
Time frame: In the period from two weeks before treatment to three weeks after treatment
Changes in Complete Blood Count on Advia - cryopreserved
Complete Blood Count analysis on the Advia 2120i instrument before and after cryopreservation
Time frame: Cryopreserved cells are measured 6 months after sample collection
Changes in Complete Blood Count on Sysmex - cryopreserved
Complete Blood Count analysis on the Sysmex XN-450 instrument before and after cryopreservation
Time frame: Cryopreserved cells are measured 6 months after sample collection
Changes in ALAS 2
Quantification of ALAS 2 in dried blood spots stored at room temperature, -20C and -80C
Time frame: Up to 5 years
Changes in CA1
Quantification of CA1 in dried blood spots
Time frame: Up to 5 years
Changes in SLC4a1
Quantification of SLC4a1 in dried blood spots
Time frame: Up to 5 years
Changes in CD71 in dried blood spots
Quantification of CD71 in dried blood spots
Time frame: Up to 5 years
Changes in FECH
Quantification of FECH in dried blood spots
Time frame: Up to 5 years
Changes in Band 3
Quantification of Band 3 in dried blood spots
Time frame: Up to 5 years
Changes in blood volume
Measurement of blood volume by CO rebreathing
Time frame: Within 14 days before treatment and within 14 days after treatment
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