This is a cross-sectional observational study whose objective is to analyse the relationship between behavioural addictions and drug addictions with obesity, physical activity, sedentary lifestyle, arterial stiffness and vascular ageing in young adults, since many of the lifestyles of adulthood are established early in life, and it is easier to prevent them before they start than to achieve their abandonment once they are established as unhealthy lifestyles
Behavioural addictions. Brief Questionnaire of Pathological Gambling (CBJP), Lie/Bet scale, Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS), Smartphone Dependence and Addiction Scale (EDAS-18), Questionnaire of Experiences Related to Video Games (CERV). Drug addictions: Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST V3.0), Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST-20), Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Fagerström test. Obesity and body composition: Weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference and Inbody 230®. Diet: Mediterranean Diet Adherence Questionnaire. Physical activity: International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Actigraph GTX3 accelerometer and Marshall questionnaire. Analysis of vascular structure and function and target organ lesions. Pulse wave analysis (PWA) and femoral carotid pulse wave velocity (VOPcf) (Sphygmocor System). Cardio Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI), ankle-ankle pulse wave (VOPbt) and ankle-ankle index (ABI) (Vasera VS-2000®). Retinal vascular injury (TOPCON TRC NW 200). Cardiac lesion (General electric 5000). Kidney Injury: analytical variables. Brain Injury: Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Vascular ageing (VOPcf and VOPbt). Other variables. Basal glycaemia, HbA1c. TSH, lipid profile, creatinine and creatinine albumin index and Vit D. Measurement of blood pressure and drug consumption.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
500
Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca
Salamanca, Spain
RECRUITINGPulse wave velocity
Measurement by SphygmoCor (meters/seg)
Time frame: 1 year
Cardio Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI)
It will be determined using the Vasera VS-2000® device (not units)
Time frame: 1 year
Pathological gambling
Brief Questionnaire on Pathological Gambling (CBJP), with 4 dichotomous items (yes/no) referring to gambling habits, feelings of guilt, inability to give up gambling and use of household money for gambling. It is considered pathological from 2 points onwards. Also, Lie/Bet scale will also be used. It consists of two items, one of them referring to lying and the other to gambling, and will be considered problematic if both items are answered positively.
Time frame: 1 year
Internet use
Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS). It consists of 14 questions with a 5-point Likert scale for the answer. The cut-off point is 28.
Time frame: 1 year
Compulsive use of mobile phones
Smartphone Dependence and Addiction Scale (EDAS-18). It consists of 18 questions with a 5-point Likert scale for the answer. Average scores: No dependence: ≤ 2.23; dependence: between 2.24 and 3.5; addiction: ≥ 3,6
Time frame: 1 year
Videogames use
Video Game Related Experiences Questionnaire (VREQ), with two dimensions: negative consequences and avoidance. It consists of 17 questions with a 4-point Likert scale for the answer. The cut-off point is 26 points.
Time frame: 1 year
Use or abuse of alcohol, tobacco and illegal drugs
Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST V3.0), with 8 items in relation to the consumption of 9 substances, categorised into three risk levels: low (0-3 points), moderate (4-26 points) and high (more than 27 points).
Time frame: 1 year
Problem drug use
Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST-20), 20 questions with dichotomous answers (Yes/No) and a cut-off point of 5
Time frame: 1 year
Excessive alcohol consumption
Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), with 10 questions, allows to identify: risky use (8-15 points), harmful use (16-19 points) and dependence (more than 20 points)
Time frame: 1 year
Nicotine dependence
Fagerström test. With six questions it classifies into mild (less than 4 points), moderate (4-6 points) or severe dependence (more than 7 points).
Time frame: 1 year
Waist and hip circumference
The waist and hip circumference shall be measured with a tape measure (cm).
Time frame: 1 year
Body composition
The analysis of body composition shall be carried out with the impedance-meter Inbody 230® (kg).
Time frame: 1 year
International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)
Physical activity measurement using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) (min/day)
Time frame: 1 year
Accelerometer
Physical activity measurement using actigraph GTX3 accelerometer for 7 days (counts)
Time frame: 1 year
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet
Diet will be assessed with the Mediterranean Diet (MD) adherence questionnaire, developed in the PREDIMED project and consisting of 14 items with dichotomous responses.(points)
Time frame: 1 year
Sleep quality and quantity
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) which assesses the quality of sleep disturbance in the last month. It is composed of 19 items. The cut-off point for poor sleep quality is 5 points or higher. (points)
Time frame: 1 year
Sleep disruption
The Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test, which assesses the likelihood of sleep disruption (points)
Time frame: 1 year
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