Regenerative Endodontics in Mature Permanent Teeth

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients free from any systemic diseases or genetic disorders. * Children aged 9-13 years old of both sexes. * Traumatically or cariously exposed single rooted mature permanent teeth which may be asymptomatic or manifested with dull ache pain, or spontaneous unprovoked toothache. * Non-vital single rooted mature permanent teeth that indicated for endodontic treatment * Swelling close to involved tooth accompanied with or without fistula. * Negative response to cold \& electrical pulp test. * Informed Consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Unrestorable teeth, or that need post and core for the final restoration. * Immature permanent teeth. * Known allergy, sensitivity to ciprofloxacin, metronidazol. * Uncooperativeness of child and/or parents or caregiver's behavior. * Presence of calcific metamorphosis inside root canals.