The aim of this clinical trial is to assess the effect of early bedside cycling exercises post heart valve surgeries. the main question aims to answer: whether adding an early bedside cycling exercise will have an effect on patient's functional capacity, other physical outcomes and have an effect on patient's psychological state? The participant will be assessed blindly the physical and psychological outcomes before getting randomly allocated in groups. the bedside cycling will be introduced and conducted in the intervention group in addition to the conventional physical therapy cardiac rehabilitation routine through preexisted physical therapy staff who present the hospital: The routine use of breathing exercises, coughing techniques, chest wall vibrations, and mobilization is common during the first postoperative days. On the other hand, the control group will only receive the conventional rehabilitation, subsequently, both groups will be assessed and compared by addressing the difference of the outcomes before discharging from the hospital.
The aim of the study is to assess the effect of early bedside cycling exercises on selected physical and psychological outcomes in patients after heart valve surgery. This study will be carried out on fifty patients diagnosed with valve heart disease and undergoing valve replacement or intervention. They will be recruited from National Heart Institute-Cairo, Egypt. The purpose, nature and the risk of the study will be explained to the patients and each patient will be consented prior to participation in the study. The patients in this study will randomly be assigned and randomly allocated into two equal groups (n=25), the intervention group will be treated daily from being extubated and being relatively stable until discharge from the hospital: * Study group (25 patients): will receive bedside cycling in addition to the medical treatment and physiotherapy protocol. * Control group (25 patients): will receive only routine physiotherapy treatment protocol and the medical treatment. The bedside cycling will be introduced and conducted in the intervention group in addition to the conventional phase one of cardiac rehabilitation program through preexisted physical therapy staff who present the hospital. Bedside cycling: once the patient is relatively stable by weaning off the ventilator and off the require inotropic support and continued until the discharge from the hospital. * Intensity: 1. Rating of Perceived exertion scale (RPE) from 11 to 13 (scale 6-20) 2. post-surgery: resting HR + 20-30 bpm (up to tolerance if non-symptomatic), from low intensity and progressed to medium intensity (According to The American College of Sports Medicine (ASCM) recommendations for prescription of the exercises in phase one of cardiac rehabilitation). * Duration: 1. Session duration: Total duration of 20 min, early morning. 2. Intervention duration: 5-15 3. Resting as the patient wishes and in case signs of exertion. 4. Warming up for 5min: low impact, dynamic movement of large group of muscles through available Active Range of Motion (ROM) or introduce to cycling, HR after warming up 10-11 RPE 5. Cooling down for 5 min or longer: patient observed 30 min after exercise to get to Resting Heart Rate (RHR) 6. Guided by 11-13 RPE, talk test, 20-30 bpm above RHR (Target HR) and sign and symptoms for stopping exercise. According ASCM recommendations for prescription of the exercises in phase one of cardiac rehabilitation. * Frequency: once daily from medically stable until discharge. * Progression if the following conditions are reached: 1. Initially increase the duration by up to15 min of low exercise time and then increase the intensity after the patient can complete 15- 20 min. 2. Complete 15min with a medially stable condition * Precaution: 1. Vital signs before after and within range 2. Avoid Valsalva maneuver. On the other hand, the control group will only receive the conventional rehabilitation routine: * The routine use of breathing exercises, coughing techniques, chest wall vibrations, and mobilization is common during the first postoperative days. Subsequently, both groups will be assessed and compared by addressing the difference of the outcomes before discharging from the hospital.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
41
participants receive daily cycling once the patient is relatively stable by weaning off the ventilator and off the require inotropic support and continued to the discharge from the hospital. Duration progression if the following conditions are reached: 1. Initially increase the duration by up to15 min of low exercise time and then increase the intensity after the patient can complete 15- 20 min. 2. Complete 15min with a medially stable condition gradually until reaching 20 minutes besides the routine physical therapy protocol of breathing exercises, coughing techniques, chest wall vibrations, and mobilization is common during the first postoperative days, The two most frequently used breathing techniques were deep breathing exercises and incentive spirometry and the medical treatment.
the routine physical therapy protocol of breathing exercises, coughing techniques, chest wall vibrations, and mobilization is common during the first postoperative days, The two most frequently used breathing techniques were deep breathing exercises and incentive spirometry and the medical treatment.
National Heart Institute (NHI)
Giza, Egypt
Functional capacity
measured by Six Minutes Walk Test, it will be performed on a flat surface, with a predetermined distance 30 meters measured and marked off. Patients will be asked to walk self-paced back and forth between the 2 marked points for 6 minutes. Rests are allowed, and administrators are able to provide standardized feedback during and at the end of the test, The laps are counted, and a distance walked in 6 minutes is determined.
Time frame: from the date of patient admission to the hospital until date of the surgical operation, an average of 2 weeks.
Functional capacity
measured by Six Minutes Walk Test, it will be performed on a flat surface, with a predetermined distance 30 meters measured and marked off. Patients will be asked to walk self-paced back and forth between the 2 marked points for 6 minutes. Rests are allowed, and administrators are able to provide standardized feedback during and at the end of the test, The laps are counted, and a distance walked in 6 minutes is determined.
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Forced Vital Capacity
measured by Spirometry Pulmonary function test, (THOR laboratory Spiro Tube PC Spirometer) will assess Forced Vital Capacity (FCV) in liters.
Time frame: from the date of patient admission to the hospital until date of the surgical operation, an average of 2 weeks.
Forced Vital Capacity
measured by Spirometry Pulmonary function test, (THOR laboratory Spiro Tube PC Spirometer) will assess Forced Vital Capacity (FCV) in liters.
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Psychological status
The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales 42 were used to measure three negative emotional states (depression, anxiety, and stress) experienced by the patients in the previous week. A higher score on the scale indicates a more severe condition, with the highest possible score being 126 and the lowest score being 0.
Time frame: from the date of patient admission to the hospital until date of the surgical operation, an average of 2 weeks.
Psychological status
The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales 42 were used to measure three negative emotional states (depression, anxiety, and stress) experienced by the patients in the previous week. A higher score on the scale indicates a more severe condition, with the highest possible score being 126 and the lowest score being 0.
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Activities of Daily Living and Functional level
measuring Activities of Daily Living and Function level by using Barthel Index, the current level of 10 items the maximum score is 100, the lower scores ranging from 0- 20 indicating increased disability.
Time frame: within the first 24-hour post-surgery
Activities of Daily Living and Functional level
measuring Activities of Daily Living and Function level by using Barthel Index, the current level of 10 items the maximum score is 100, the lower scores ranging from 0- 20 indicating increased disability.
Time frame: through study completion, an average 7 days
the Quality of Life
The Short Form-12 Health Questionnaire was used to measure the Quality of Life over the past 4 weeks, consisting of two components: physical and mental. The highest possible score for the mental component was 60.75781, indicating a better mental condition. Similarly, the highest possible score for the physical component was 56.577706, indicating a better physical condition.
Time frame: from the date of patient admission to the hospital until date of the surgical operation, an average of 2 weeks.
Length of hospital stay
compare the intervention group to control group length of hospital stay.
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Functional Capacity
measured by Six Minutes Walk Test (6MWT), it will be performed on a flat surface, with a predetermined distance 30 meters measured and marked off. Patients will be asked to walk self-paced back and forth between the 2 marked points for 6 minutes. Rests are allowed, and administrators are able to provide standardized feedback during and at the end of the test, The laps are counted, and a distance walked in 6 minutes is determined.
Time frame: 1 month follow-up.
Psychological status
The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales 42 were used to measure three negative emotional states (depression, anxiety, and stress) experienced by the patients in the previous week. A higher score on the scale indicates a more severe condition, with the highest possible score being 126 and the lowest score being 0.
Time frame: 1 month follow-up.
the Quality of Life
The Short Form-12 Health Questionnaire was used to measure the Quality of Life over the past 4 weeks, consisting of two components: physical and mental. The highest possible score for the mental component was 60.75781, indicating a better mental condition. Similarly, the highest possible score for the physical component was 56.577706, indicating a better physical condition.
Time frame: 1 month follow-up.
Incidence of adverse event
the potential incidence of adverse events in both groups will be reported during the study.
Time frame: from the date of beginning cycling intervention or routinely physiotherapy until the date of discharge and will be assessed up to one month.
Prothrombin International Normalized Ratio (INR)
Prothrombin International Normalized Ratio (INR) in the Coagulation profile in both groups will be assessed and provided at one-month follow-up.
Time frame: 1 month follow-up.
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