Effects of High-frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Cerebral Autoregulation in Patients With Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age 18-80 years, regardless of gender; 2. Diagnosed with CSVD, and neuroimaging presented as recent small subcortical infarcts; 3. Initiated transcranial magnetic stimulation within 7 days of onset; 4. Subject or legal representative agreed to the treatment and signed the informed consent; Exclusion Criteria: 1. Vascular stenosis \> 50% diagnosed by Transcranial Doppler (TCD) and carotid ultrasound; 2. Previous history of atrial fibrillation or myocardial infarction within 6 months; 3. Moyamoya disease or hereditary cerebral small vessel disease, such as CADASIL; 4. White matter hyperintensities (WMH) of non-vascular origin; 5. Severe hepatic and renal diseases, cancer or other major diseases related to integral medical and surgical procedures; 6. Patients with contraindications to transcranial magnetic stimulation, such as metal or electronic devices in the brain; 7. Pregnant or breastfeeding women; 8. The patients with disorders of consciousness, agitation or insufficient bilateral temporal bone windows for insonation who cannot cooperate to dynamic cerebral autoregulation monitoring; 9. Previous history of epilepsy or family history of epilepsy; 10. Previous treatment with transcranial magnetic stimulation or its equivalent; 11. Unwillingness to be followed up or poor adherence to treatment; 12. Those who are participating in other clinical investigators, or who have participated in other clinical studies within 3 months prior to enrollment, or who have participated in this study; 13. Other conditions that the investigators deemed unsuitable for enrollment.