The goal of this randomized clinical trial is to compare the knowledge, attitudes, and oral health self-efficacy in self-sufficient elders aged over 60 years of 4 cities of La Araucanía región, Chile. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Can the development and implementation of a teledentistry strategy focused on community-dwelling older adults of the La Araucanía region improve participants' knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy in oral health? * Could this teledentistry strategy have acceptability greater than 80%? Participants will receive a dental-medical-geriatric diagnosis in a mobile dental clinic supported by a web platform called Teleplatform of Geriatric Dental Specialties (TEGO) and individual oral health education. The researchers will compare a comparison group that will receive face-to-face individual oral health education with an intervention group, called tele-education group, that will receive educational reinforcement through a teledentistry strategy mediated by oral health educational videos sent via WhatsApp; to see if there are differences in the knowledge, attitudes, and oral health self-efficacy between the groups.
Access to oral health promotion for the elderly has been limited during their lifetime. The purpose of this study is the development and pilot implementation of an oral health promotion strategy mediated by teledentistry focused on community-dwelling older adults of the La Araucanía region. To this end, a randomized clinical trial is proposed with pre- and post-intervention tests to be carried out in a sample (n:120) of people over 60 years of age from 4 cities in this region. Both groups will undergo a dental-medical-geriatric diagnosis in a mobile dental clinic supported by a web platform called Teleplatform of Geriatric Dental Specialties (TEGO) and individual oral health education. The intervention group will also receive educational reinforcement through oral health videos sent via WhatsApp (Tele-education). The strategy will be evaluated through a questionnaire of knowledge, attitudes and self-efficacy in oral health that will be applied before and after the interventions received by both groups. The acceptability of the tele-educational strategy will be assessed. The statistical analysis contemplates the description of the sociodemographic profiles of the participants and the acceptability perceived by those who make up the tele-education group. The average of the scores obtained in the pre and post-test of the questionnaire will be compared within each group through the T-test for related samples and the average of the final scores will be compared between both groups through the T-test for independent samples. Likewise, the relationship between the post-test results, sociodemographic variables, and clinical variables will be evaluated through the Pearson Correlation Coefficient. A value of p \< 0.05 was chosen as the threshold for significance.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
117
Educational videos specially designed and validated for elderly (duration 4 to 6 minutes each one)
Standardized PowerPoint presentation of 15 minutes about the most common or dangerous oral diseases (dental caries, periodontal disease and oral cancer), and toothbrushing and flossing practice in dental models
Clinica Dental Móvil TEGO-UFRO
Temuco, La Araucanía, Chile
Change in oral health knowledge
Questionnaire of 38 items focused on identifying signs and symptoms of dental caries, periodontal disease, and oral cancer, as well as preventive measures for each condition. The responses for signs and symptoms were quantified using a 'Yes' , 'I don't know' or 'No' scale, while preventive measures were ranked on a 5-point scale ranging from 'Very important to 'Not at all important
Time frame: Change from baseline oral health knowledges at 6 weeks
Change in oral health attitudes
Attitudes were measured via a 5-point scale, which evaluated seven items associated with the inevitability of oral disease in the elderly, the value of keeping natural teeth, and the effectiveness of preventive behaviors
Time frame: Change from baseline oral health attitudes at 6 weeks
Change in oral health self-efficacy
Oral Health self-efficacy scale to assess the individual's confidence in their ability to prevent oral diseases. This survey has 8 items under the subordinate categories of oral and general health self-efficacy, six and two questions respectively. All of the eight items had to be rated along a five-point Likert scale comprising Not at all Confident, Not confident, Neither confident nor unconfident, Confident, and Strongly Confident ratings.
Time frame: Change from baseline oral health self-efficacy at 6 weeks
Acceptability: Utility of the teledentistry intervention
The utility of each video was assesed via a 4-point scale
Time frame: 2 days after sending each video
Acceptability: Dropout rate
Percentage withdrawal of study participants
Time frame: Change from baseline up to 6 weeks
Acceptability: Recomendation
Binary question with a yes or no answer on whether you would recommend this type of care and promotion of oral health to friends and/or family
Time frame: After 6 weeks
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