This study will examine the effects of type II diabetes on cognitive functions and mood in middle-aged patients. In addition, the association between cognitive functions and glycemic controls is studied in patients. Sixty patients and sixty healthy controls will be recruited and assessed by a multiprofessional team (neuropsychologist, physician).
Sixty patients with type 2 diabetes will be recruited from the Tampere Diabetes outpatient clinic. Inclusion criteria for the patients are type 2 diabetes diagnosis, diabetes medication and age 35-65. Exclusion criteria are type 1 diabetes, hypothyreosis, neurological or psychiatric disorder, substance abuse and serious diabetes complications. Sixty healthy control persons are recruited from the personnel and occupational health care. Exclusion criteria for controls are type 1 or 2 diabetes, hypothyreosis, neurological or psychiatric disease and substance abuse. A comprehensive neuropsychological assessment is made to all participants.The assessment consists of standardized neuropsychological tests, questionnaires and interview. Domains assessed include attention, executive functions, memory, information processing speed, general cognitive functioning, depressive symptoms, anxiety and fatigue. Medical information (such as glycated hemoglobin and blood pressure) from the patients is gathered from the medical records. Corresponding information from the control participants is gathered with medical examinations including laboratory tests. Informed consent is taken from all participants. This study will examine the difference in cognitive functions between healthy controls and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes. There is evidence from previous studies that type 2 diabetes is related to an increased risk of dementia, but the association between diabetes and cognition at younger ages is less studies. The difference in mood and fatigue is also studied between the groups. In addition, the association between glycated hemoglobin level and cognitive functions is examined in patients, as poor glycemic control has been implicated to impact on cognitive decline in previous studies. Finally, the association between history of hypoglycemic episodes and cognition is studied.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
120
Tampere University Hospital
Tampere, Finland
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-test
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-test and its z-score. Average performance differences in this cognitive test are compared between healthy controls and patients with type 2 diabetes using SPSS-program.
Time frame: 1 day.
Continuous Performance test
Continuous Performance test and its z-score. Average performance differences in this cognitive test are compared between healthy controls and patients with type 2 diabetes using SPSS-program.
Time frame: 1 day.
Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure test
Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure test and its z-score. Average performance differences in this cognitive test are compared between healthy controls and patients with type 2 diabetes using SPSS-program.
Time frame: 1 day.
Sum score of the Z-scores of the performed standardized neuropsychological tests
Sum score of the Z-scores of the performed standardized neuropsychological tests (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Continuous Performance test and Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure test). Average performances evaluated by the differences in these sum scores are compared between healthy controls and patients with type 2 diabetes using SPSS-program.
Time frame: 1 day.
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