There are currently three classes of biologic treatments approved in Canada for the management of moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease: anti-tumor necrosis factor \[TNF\] alpha, anti-integrin, and anti-interleukin \[IL\]-23 targeted agents. The purpose of this trial is to determine which of these three classes of biologics results in the highest percentage of patients with small bowel (ileal) Crohn's disease entering into endoscopic remission without needing corticosteroids at 1 year. Endoscopic remission means that the ulcers in the small bowel from Crohn's disease have healed. All treatments in this trial are approved by Health Canada. No experimental drugs will be included.
This is a pragmatic, real-world trial of patients with moderate-to-severe, ileal-dominant Crohn's disease. At week 0, participants who meet the eligibility criteria will be randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to a TNF antagonist; anti-integrin; or anti-IL23 targeted treatment. All interventions will be offered according to standard of care. The dosing will be as follows: TNFα antagonist * Infliximab 5 mg/kg intravenously \[IV\] at weeks 0, 2, 6, then 5 mg/kg every 8 weeks; OR * Adalimumab subcutaneously \[SC\] 160 mg at week 0, 80 mg at week 2, then 40 mg every 2 weeks Anti-integrin * Vedolizumab 300 mg IV at weeks 0, 2, and 6, then every 8 weeks; OR * Vedolizumab 300 mg IV at weeks 0 and 2, then 108 mg SC every 2 weeks Anti-IL23 targeted agents * Ustekinumab \~6 mg/kg IV x1, then 90 mg SC every 8 weeks; OR * Risankizumab 600 mg IV at weeks 0, 4, and 8, then 360 mg SC every 8 weeks All treatments will be administered as part of the participant's routine care. All participants will be monitored per standard of care. Participants on corticosteroids at baseline will begin a steroid taper within 6 weeks of starting their biologic. At months 4, 8 and 12 participants will be evaluated for the Harvey Bradshaw Index (HBI), EuroQOL 5-domain questionnaire (EQ-5D), and be tested for C-reactive protein and fecal calprotectin concentrations. At month 12 patients will undergo a video-recorded ileocolonoscopy to determine if they have achieved endoscopic remission.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
297
• Infliximab 5 mg/kg intravenously \[IV\] at weeks 0, 2, 6, then 5 mg/kg every 8 weeks
• Adalimumab subcutaneously \[SC\] 160 mg at week 0, 80 mg at week 2, then 40 mg every 2 weeks
• Ustekinumab \~6 mg/kg IV x1, then 90 mg SC every 8 weeks
• Risankizumab 600 mg IV at weeks 0, 4, and 8, then 360 mg SC every 8 weeks
• Vedolizumab 300 mg IV at weeks 0, 2, and 6, then every 8 weeks
• Vedolizumab 300 mg IV at weeks 0 and 2, then 108 mg SC every 2 weeks
University of Calgary
Calgary, Alberta, Canada
RECRUITINGUniversity of Alberta IBD Clinic
Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
RECRUITINGGI Research Institute (G.I.R.I)
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
NOT_YET_RECRUITINGWest Coast Gastroenterology
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
NOT_YET_RECRUITINGNova Scotia Health Victoria
Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGGNRR Digestive Clinics and Research Center Inc.
Brampton, Ontario, Canada
NOT_YET_RECRUITINGRajbir Rai Medical Corporation
Brantford, Ontario, Canada
NOT_YET_RECRUITINGMcMaster University
Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
RECRUITINGLondon Health Sciences Centre
London, Ontario, Canada
ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGWest GTA Research Inc.
Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
NOT_YET_RECRUITING...and 10 more locations
Corticosteroid-free endoscopic remission
SES-CD ≤4, ileal segment SES-CD ≤2, and no ulcers in any segment \>5 mm, off corticosteroids for ≥ 16 weeks
Time frame: 1 year
CD-related complications
Composite of disease flare, obstruction, new fistula/abscess, CD-related hospitalization, CD-related surgery
Time frame: 1 year
Time to first Crohn's disease-related complication.
Composite of disease flare, obstruction, new fistula/abscess, CD-related hospitalization, CD-related surgery
Time frame: From date of randomization until the date of first documented Crohn's disease-related complication or date of death from any cause, whichever came first, assessed up to 12 months
Biomarker remission
C-reactive protein (CRP) \<5 mg/L and fecal calprotectin \<250 µg/g, assessed in participants with elevated biomarkers at baseline
Time frame: Months 4, 8, and 12
Corticosteroid-free clinical remission
Harvey Bradshaw Index \[HBI\] ≤4 without exposure to systemic corticosteroids for ≥16 weeks prior to assessment
Time frame: Months 4, 8, and 12
Treatment persistence
Duration of time from first biologic dose to discontinuation, the proportion of participants requiring a class switch, and the proportion of participants requiring dose optimization of biologic treatment or addition of rescue immunomodulators
Time frame: 1 year
Health-related quality of life after first-line biologic treatment
Quality of life at 1-year measured using EuroQol 5D (range 0 \[worst imaginable health state\] to 100 \[best imaginable health state\])
Time frame: 1 year
Safety of first-line biologic treatment
Unexpected AEs, severe AEs, drug and procedure-related AEs, any serious AEs (SAEs), any AEs leading to biologic discontinuation
Time frame: 1 year
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