The main objective of the present clinical study project, of a cross-sectional observational nature, is to evaluate the presence of submucosal cement residues through endoscopic visualization in clinical situations with peri-implant disease. The secondary objective is to investigate the potential correlation between the severity of the pathological condition and the spatial position of cement residues in relation to the implant-prosthetic unit. For each subject, the following data were collected: gender, age, periodontal history, smoking habits, reasons for implant rehabilitation (trauma, caries, periodontitis, agenesis, other), the position of the implant in the oral cavity, elapsed time between prosthetic rehabilitation and pathological condition. If the deposit was recognized as cement residue, its presence was recorded, and the anatomical position of the cement residue (mesial, distal, lingual/palatal, vestibular) and the spatial position of cement residues in relation to the implant-prosthetic unit were collected.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
46
Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, School of Dentistry - Division of Periodontology and Implantology.
Bologna, Italy
Prevalence of submucosal cement
A clinical examination of the submarginal implant area was performed using endoscopic techniques (DV2, Dental View, Irvine, CA). The analysis was conducted in an atraumatic manner, and local anesthesia infiltration (2% Mepivacaine with 1:100,000 adrenaline) was administered only upon patient request. During the endoscopic investigation, once a deposit was identified, its consistency and adhesion were assessed using water irrigation or, less frequently, a probe. Only for solid deposits, a differential analysis between calculus and cementum was conducted. Cementum was identified by its characteristic white reflectivity, in contrast to subgingival calculus, which appeared yellow or brown, depending on the intensity and distance of the incident light beam.
Time frame: The analysis was conducted during the endoscopic examination between October 29, 2018, and July 19, 2019.
Spatial position of submucosal cement
If the deposit was recognized as cement residue, its presence was recorded, and the following clinical data were collected: * Distance between mucosal margin and prosthetic closure margin at the site of the cement residue: MM-PM = Mucosal Margin - Prosthetic Margin * Distance between prosthetic closure margin and implant platform at the site of the cement residue: PM-IP = Prosthetic Margin - Implant Platform * Distance between the most apical portion of the cement residue and implant platform: AC-IP = Apical Cement - Implant Platform
Time frame: The analysis was conducted during the endoscopic examination between October 29, 2018, and July 19, 2019.
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