Study on the Relationship Between Plasma MRD and cfDNA HPV and the Efficacy and Prognosis of Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer After Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy

Overview

Cervical cancer CC is the most common malignant tumor in the female reproductive system, seriously endangering women's health and life, and is one of the leading causes of death for women worldwide.Globally, HPV causes about 85% of cervical cancers and about 60% of oropharyngeal cancers, causing more than 500,000 cancers each year.ctDNA is a potential biomarker because it contains tumor-specific genetic and epigenetic abnormalities that can be used in cancer diagnosis and prognosis prediction.MRD is considered a promising prognostic marker that can be used to identify individuals at increased risk of recurrence and individuals who may benefit from treatment.The expression level of MRD and plasma HPV before and after radiotherapy and chemotherapy for cervical cancer was analyzed by liquid biopsy ctDNA detection technology, which predicted the efficacy of cervical cancer radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which was helpful for monitoring and estimating the risk of disease recurrence after cervical cancer radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and verified the expression of MRD and plasma HPV as the basis for adjuvant chemotherapy after cervical cancer radiotherapy and the basis for optimal chemotherapy time node selection.

Current treatments for cervical cancer include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. However,5 year survival remains unsatisfactory because most patients with cervical cancer are typically diagnosed locally advanced or have distant lymph node metastases.HPV can integrate its own genome into the host genome by disrupting the open reading frame of the E2 gene and increase the expression of the E6 and E7 genes. The p53 protein of the host cell is degraded by the production of the E6 virulent protein, which inactivates the pRb protein that controls the cell cycle, thereby cancerizing the entire host cell \[6\]. According to TCGA 2017 data, HPV integration into the host genome was found in more than 80% of HPV-positive cervical cancer patients. Han K et al. found that HPV testing can assess the prognosis of cervical cancer patients.Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor RNA (ctRNA), exosomes, proteins, and metabolites that are liquid biopsy analytes can be identified using biomarkers such as somatic point mutations, deletions, amplification, gene fusion, DNA methylation markers, miRNAs, proteins, or metabolites.Minimal tumor residual (MRD) refers to the residual tumor cells or biomarkers in the body after local or systemic cancer treatment, the activation of which can promote tumor metastasis and recurrence, also known as minimal residual disease, measurable residual disease, and molecular residual disease.Recently, the use of ctDNA analysis to determine MRD in solid tumors after intention-to-treat treatment and before clinical or radiological disease recurrence has shown significant therapeutic promise. In addition, MRD identification by ctDNA analysis correlates with poor prognosis in patients with malignant tumors.This project will use liquid biopsy ctDNA detection technology to analyze the expression level of MRD and plasma HPV before and after radiotherapy and chemotherapy for cervical cancer, predict the efficacy of radiotherapy and chemotherapy for cervical cancer, help monitor and estimate the risk of disease recurrence after radiotherapy and chemotherapy for cervical cancer, verify the expression of MRD and plasma HPV as the basis for adjuvant chemotherapy after radiotherapy and chemotherapy for cervical cancer and the basis for the selection of the optimal chemotherapy time, so as to provide clinically useful tumor markers for cervical cancer patients and reduce the mortality rate of cervical cancer.