Artificial Intelligence Versus Human-controlled Doctor in Virtual Reality Simulation for Sepsis Team Training

Change from Baseline in Team Communication Knowledge on the 8-item communication knowledge test immediately after interventions.

The 8-item communication knowledge and 18-item sepsis knowledge tests were developed and content validated by a multidisciplinary team comprising a medical doctor, an advanced practice nurse, and nursing academics.

Time frame: Baseline and immediately after 2-hour VRS

Change from Baseline in Team Communication Self-Efficacy on the 6-item Patient Clinical Information Exchange and Interprofessional Communication Self-Efficacy Scale immediately after interventions.

The Patient Clinical Information Exchange and Interprofessional Communication Self-Efficacy Scale is a validated and self-reported instrument using a 0-100 Likert scale, which measures participants' perceptions of self-efficacy in team communication based on the ISBAR communication strategy.

Time frame: Baseline and immediately after 2-hour VRS

Sepsis Care Performance through a 15-minute video-recorded simulation-based assessment within 2 weeks of postintervention.

2 independent raters used the validated RAPIDS (Rescuing A Patient In Deteriorating Situation) tool to measure nurses' simulation performance in assessing and managing a deteriorating patient.

Time frame: Within 2 weeks of postintervention.

Team Communication Performance through a 15-minute video-recorded simulation-based assessment within 2 weeks of postintervention.