Alcohol use is increasingly prevalent in modern society and is known to cause cognitive impairment and dysregulation of inflammatory responses. In the present study, the investigators want to perform a randomised controlled trials to test whether nitrate could change the oral microbiota and benefit the cognitive impairment in alcohol dependence patients. The investigators survey the oral bacterial communities in saliva samples of 70 alcohol dependent patients following 14 days of dietary inorganic nitrate (nitrate-rich beetroot juice, \~750 mg NO3- /d) and placebo (nitrate-depleted beetroot juice, \~1 mg NO3- /d) supplementation.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
OTHER
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
70
nitrate-rich beetroot juice, \~750 mg NO3- /d
nitrate-depleted beetroot juice, \~1 mg NO3- /d
Anhui mental health center
Hefei, Anhui, China
Changes of Delayed Match to Sample Percent Correct (all delays) from baseline to post-intervention
Test by DMS-PCAD (Delayed Match to Sample Percent Correct , all delays)
Time frame: baseline and post-intervention(two weeks after baseline test)
Changes of Spatial Working Memory Between Errors from baseline to post-intervention
Test by SWM-BE (The Spatial Working Memory Between Errors )
Time frame: baseline and post-intervention(two weeks after baseline test)
Changes of oral microbiota from baseline to post-intervention
Saliva samples were used to test the composition of microbiota by 16S RNA sequencing.
Time frame: baseline and post-intervention(two weeks after baseline test)
Changes of gut microbiota from baseline to post-intervention
Feces samples were used to test the composition of microbiota by 16S RNA sequencing.
Time frame: baseline and post-intervention(two weeks after baseline test)
Changes of Delayed Match to Sample Percent Correct (0 seconds delay) from baseline to post-intervention
Test by Delayed Match to Sample Percent Correct (0 seconds delay)
Time frame: baseline and post-intervention(two weeks after baseline test)
Changes of Delayed Match to Sample Percent Correct (4 seconds delay) from baseline to post-intervention
Test by Delayed Match to Sample Percent Correct (4 seconds delay)
Time frame: baseline and post-intervention(two weeks after baseline test)
Changes of Delayed Match to Sample Percent Correct (12 seconds delay) from baseline to post-intervention
Test by Delayed Match to Sample Percent Correct (12 seconds delay)
Time frame: baseline and post-intervention(two weeks after baseline test)
Changes of Spatial Working Memory errors 4 boxes from baseline to post-intervention
Test by The Spatial Working Memory errors 4 boxes
Time frame: baseline and post-intervention(two weeks after baseline test)
Changes of Spatial Working Memory errors 6 boxes from baseline to post-intervention
Test by The Spatial Working Memory errors 6 boxes
Time frame: baseline and post-intervention(two weeks after baseline test)
Changes of Spatial Working Memory errors 8 boxes from baseline to post-intervention
Test by The Spatial Working Memory errors 8 boxes
Time frame: baseline and post-intervention(two weeks after baseline test)
Changes of Intra-Extra Dimensional Set Shift test Stages Completed from baseline to post-intervention
Test by The Intra-Extra Dimensional Set Shift test Stages Completed
Time frame: baseline and post-intervention(two weeks after baseline test)
Changes of Intra-Extra Dimensional Completed Stage Errors from baseline to post-intervention
Test by The Intra-Extra Dimensional Completed Stage Errors
Time frame: baseline and post-intervention(two weeks after baseline test)
Changes of Cambridge Gambling Task Risk Adjustment Merged: Risk adjustment from baseline to post-intervention
Test by Cambridge Gambling Task Risk Adjustment Merged: Risk adjustment
Time frame: baseline and post-intervention(two weeks after baseline test)
Changes of Cambridge Gambling Decision Making Quality Total Merged from baseline to post-intervention
Test by Cambridge Gambling Decision Making Quality Total Merged
Time frame: baseline and post-intervention(two weeks after baseline test)
Changes of Cambridge Gambling Delay Aversion Total from baseline to post-intervention
Test by Cambridge Gambling Delay Aversion Total
Time frame: baseline and post-intervention(two weeks after baseline test)
Changes of Reaction Time Median Five-Choice Movement Time from baseline to post-intervention
Test by Reaction Time Median Five-Choice Movement Time
Time frame: baseline and post-intervention(two weeks after baseline test)
Changes of Reaction Time Median Five-Choice Reaction Time from baseline to post-intervention
Test by Reaction Time Median Five-Choice Reaction Time
Time frame: baseline and post-intervention(two weeks after baseline test)
Changes of Rapid Visual Information Processing test Probability of False Alarm from baseline to post-intervention
Test by the Rapid Visual Information Processing test Probability of False Alarm
Time frame: baseline and post-intervention(two weeks after baseline test)
Changes of Rapid Visual Information Processing test A prime from baseline to post-intervention
Test by the Rapid Visual Information Processing test A prime
Time frame: baseline and post-intervention(two weeks after baseline test)
Changes of Rapid Visual Information Processing test Median Response Latency from baseline to post-intervention
Test by the Rapid Visual Information Processing test Median Response Latency
Time frame: baseline and post-intervention(two weeks after baseline test)
Changes of nitrate levels in serum from baseline to post-intervention
The collected serum samples were used to test the levels of nitrate and nitrite by High Performance Liquid Chromatography \\ HPLC
Time frame: baseline and post-intervention(two weeks after baseline test)
Changes of nitrite levels in serum from baseline to post-intervention
The collected serum samples were used to test the levels of nitrate and nitrite by High Performance Liquid Chromatography \\ HPLC
Time frame: baseline and post-intervention(two weeks after baseline test)
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