The purpose of this study is to precisely delineate human brain networks that modulate respiration and identify specific brain areas and stimulation techniques that can be used to prevent seizure-induced breathing failure.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
100
Breathing tasks include normal breathing through nose or mouth, breathing while resting wakefully, increase and decrease in breathing rate, and breath counting.
Electrical stimulation will be used to find specific areas of the brain involved in breathing function. Stimulation will be applied using a Nihon Kohden MEE-1000A neural function measuring system with the MS-120BK extension unit for brain stimulation.
The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
Houston, Texas, United States
RECRUITINGChange in percentage of breathing node size as assessed by electroencephalogram (EEG) signal
Time frame: baseline (before breathing task), at the time of the breathing task (about 8 minutes after start of baseline)
Change in presence of breathing nodes as assessed by EEG signal
Time frame: Baseline (before breathing task), at the time of the breathing task(about 8 minutes after start of baseline)
Changes in thoracoabdominal circumference during stimulation as assessed by thoracoabdominal belts,
Lower and higher frequencies up to 50 Hertz(Hz), current of 1-10 milli ampere (mA), pulse durations of 0.2 milli second (msec) and stimulation periods of 10 to 40 seconds will be used.
Time frame: Baseline, during the stimulation session (at least 2 hours after baseline)
Changes airflow during stimulation as assessed by the nasal/oral pressure transducer [BiNAPS]
Lower and higher frequencies up to 50Hz, current of 1-10mA, pulse durations of 0.2 msec and stimulation periods of 10 to 40 seconds will be used.
Time frame: Baseline, during the stimulation session (at least 2 hours after baseline)
Change in Saturation of peripheral oxygen (SpO2) during stimulation as assessed by the pulse oximetry
Lower and higher frequencies up to 50Hz, current of 1-10mA, pulse durations of 0.2 msec and stimulation periods of 10 to 40 seconds will be used.
Time frame: Baseline, during the stimulation session (at least 2 hours after baseline)
Change in end tidal carbon dioxide (CO2) during stimulation
Lower and higher frequencies up to 50Hz, current of 1-10mA, pulse durations of 0.2 msec and stimulation periods of 10 to 40 seconds will be used.
Time frame: Baseline, during the stimulation session (at least 2 hours after baseline)
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Quantification of the breathing changes as assessed by the change in breathing rate
Breathing rate is the number of breaths taken per minute. Breathing changes will be visually identified live during stimulation sessions using thoraco-abdominal plethysmography and pressure transducer signal (nasal/oral airflow).
Time frame: baseline (before stimulation), at the time of stimulation (about 8 minutes after start of baseline)
Quantification of the breathing changes as assessed by the change in breathing depth
Breathing depth, or tidal volume (TV), is the amount of air that normally enters the lungs during quiet breathing. Breathing changes will be visually identified live during stimulation sessions using thoraco-abdominal plethysmography and pressure transducer signal (nasal/oral airflow).
Time frame: baseline (before stimulation), at the time of stimulation (about 8 minutes after start of baseline)
Quantification of the breathing changes as assessed by the change in breathing minute ventilation (MV)
Minute ventilation, also known as total ventilation, is a measurement of the amount of air that enters the lungs per minute. It is the product of respiratory rate and tidal volume. Breathing changes will be visually identified live during stimulation sessions using thoraco-abdominal plethysmography and pressure transducer signal (nasal/oral airflow).
Time frame: baseline (before stimulation), at the time of stimulation (about 8 minutes after start of baseline)