Transcranial Focused Ultrasound (tFUS) Modulation of Reward Network

Medical University of South Carolina10 enrolled

Overview

Aim: Evaluate whether sonicating the Nucleus Accumbens (NAc) with transcranial focused ultrasound modifies functional connectivity between the NAc and the prefrontal cortex (PFC). In this single visit, open-label pilot trial, we plan to evaluate whether transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS), delivered to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) within the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner will impact resting state functional connectivity between the NAc and functionally connected brain regions like the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in up to 10 healthy individuals. HYPOTHESIS : tFUS will reduce prefrontal cortex (PFC)-NAc functional connectivity, in healthy individuals. We will investigate this hypothesis by administering tFUS within to MRI scanner to healthy individuals and conduct resting state functional neuroimaging before- and after the tFUS stimulation.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Masking

SINGLE

Enrollment

Conditions

Healthy

Interventions

Transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) is a promising new technology that is both noninvasive and may be focally applied to deep brain targets. tFUS utilizes transducers which contain piezoelectric elements to produce pulses of ultrasonic waves that summate deep in the brain. Transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) uses a single transducer fixed in a head-worn apparatus on the scalp to produce ultrasonic waves deep into the brain.

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 18 YearsMax age: 65 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Age 18-65 * Have the capacity and ability to provide one's own consent and sign the informed consent document Exclusion Criteria: * Contraindicated for MRI. * Any current or recent untreated medical, neurological, or psychiatric conditions * Metal implant devices in the head, heart, or neck. * History of brain surgery. * History of myocardial infarction or arrhythmia, bradycardia. * Personal or family history of seizure or epilepsy or personal use of medications that substantially reduce seizure threshold (e.g., olanzapine, chlorpromazine, lithium). * Personal history of head injury, concussion, or self-report of moderate to severe traumatic brain injury. * Individuals suffering from frequent/severe headaches. * Individuals with a reported history of psychosis or mania, or individuals who are actively manic or psychotic. * Regular or recent pain medication use * Moderate to severe alcohol use (\>3 drinks/day) or illicit substance use (urine confirmed). * Persons who are pregnant or lactating

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Resting State Functional Connectivity

The main outcomes of this study are brain imaging related. Using a neuroimaging technique called resting state functional connectivity, which is a statistical dependence between time series of electro-physiological activity and (de)oxygenated blood levels in distinct regions of the brain. Modularity is measured on a -1 to 1 scale, with higher scores indicating stronger community structure, or a stronger tendency of clusters of brain regions to separate into distinct, highly interconnected networks with sparse connections across networks. The optimal modularity value depends on the context. For example, during complex tasks lower modularity is better, while during basic, automatic tasks higher modularity is better.

Time frame: 24 minutes