This study was conducted to examine the effects of exercises performed with mechanical hippotherapy device and Cawthorne-Cooksey exercises on balance, dizziness, fatigue and quality of life in patients with Multiple Sclerosis.
The research is a quantitative study, and it is in the form of randomized controlled type research, one of the experimental research types. In order to provide a homogeneous distribution, the patients were divided into two different exercise groups using the double-blind method from the minimization method. The sample of the study consisted of definitively diagnosed multiple sclerosis (MS) patients who volunteered to participate in the study. Patients who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study; While they were informed about the aims of the study, the duration of the study, the evaluation methods and the applications to be made, the informed consent form was signed by these patients and their consent was obtained. The study sample was divided into two groups by randomization method. The first group was given 35 minutes of traditional physical therapy program and 15 minutes of exercises with a mechanical hippotherapy device, while the second group was given 15 minutes of Cawthorne-Cooksey exercises in addition to the 35-minute traditional physical therapy program. Both exercise groups were given a 50-minute physical therapy program. Patients diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis in the study; It was classified according to the Expanded Disability Status Scale Score. Tinetti Balance Rating Scale was used to assess balance. The Dizziness Disability Inventory was used to assess dizziness, the Fatigue Severity Scale and the Fatigue Impact Scale to assess fatigue, and the Ferrans \& Powers Quality of Life Index MS Adaptation to assess quality of life.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
50
A- Head and Eye Movements While Lying and Sitting: 1. While keeping your head still, look up and then down again. 2. Look from side to side while keeping your head still. 3. Extend your hand at arm's length, draw your fingers towards your nose while focusing your eyes on your fingers. 4. With eyes open, slowly turn your head from side to side. 5. Turn your head from side to side quickly. 6. With eyes open, slowly move your head up and down. 7. Move your head up and down quickly. 8. Repeat items 4,5,6 and 7 with your eyes closed. B-Head and Body Movements While Sitting: 1. Place an object on the floor in front of your feet, reach out to pick it up, then upright return to your position. Looking down while picking up the item, then Remind you to look up when trying to fix it. 2. Lean forward and move the object forward and back under your knees. C- Standing Exercises 1-Get from a sitting position to a standing position and sit down again. 2-Repeat this with your eyes closed.
From the patient on the mechanical hippotherapy device; * Maintaining trunk balance while raising both hands above head, * Maintaining trunk balance while opening the arms next to the trunk, * Maintaining trunk balance while extending the arms back and forth with successive movements, * Maintaining trunk balance with hands clasped behind the waist, * The arms are open to both sides, while transferring the weight ball from one hand to the other, it is requested to maintain the body balance.
Baskent University Istanbul Hospital
Üsküdar, Istanbul, Turkey (Türkiye)
Fatigue severity scale
The lowest score that can be obtained from the scale is 9, and the highest score is 63. The fatigue severity scale is the average value of nine sections. A high score indicates increased fatigue severity. The scale, including the day it was filled, questions the state of fatigue in the last 1 month.
Time frame: 10 weeks
Fatigue Impact Scale
The scale consists of 40 questions. The first 10 items evaluate the cognitive state, the second 10 items evaluate the physical state, and the third 20 items evaluate the psychological state. Participants gave each question a score between 0 (no problem) and 4 (maximum problem). The highest score is 160. High scores indicate fatigue. The scales question the state of fatigue in the last 1 month, including the day it was filled in. The fatigue impact scale was found to be the most ideal scale to evaluate the effect of fatigue on daily life in MS.
Time frame: 10 weeks
Tinetti balance rating scale
The scale includes gait (AS) and balance (EP) subgroups. Evaluation is made with specific scoring criteria for each activity. The total score is a maximum of 28, including the walking subgroup score and the balance subgroup score. The scores obtained by the participants were recorded separately for walking and balance, and the total score was also written. Scores of 18 and below are associated with high, scores between 19 and 23 are associated with moderate, and scores of 24 and above are associated with a low risk of falling.
Time frame: 10 weeks
Dizziness disability inventory
The participants were asked to score this inventory, which consists of 25 items, according to the frequency and severity of the vertigo complaint and the degree of impact it creates in daily life. Sub-inventories are intended to determine the physical, sensory and functional effects of vestibular system diseases. In the scoring of the sub-units of the inventory, 28 points determine physical disability, 36 points functional and sensory disability. The scores obtained were recorded as physical disability, emotional disability and functional disability data. The final result consists of the sum of all of them. High scores are interpreted as the patient's vertigo complaint preventing his further life.
This platform is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.
Time frame: 10 weeks
Ferrans&Powers quality of life index
This index has 5 subcategories. These; total quality of life score, health and functionality subcategory score, social and economic subcategory score, psychological/belief subcategory score and family subcategory score. The test has two parts, satisfaction and importance, and each part has the same number of questions, question content is the same. The participants were asked to fill in the questionnaire and the physiotherapist calculated the values in accordance with the scoring instructions. The score of these collected values was divided by the number of marked questions. The final score was obtained by adding 15 to the obtained values. The final score is between 0-30.
Time frame: 10 weeks
Extended disability status scale
In the Disability Status Scale, the patient is evaluated over a total of 10 points. While zero indicates normal health status, 10 indicates death due to an uncommon Multiple Sclerosis. In this scale, which consists of twenty steps, 0 indicates normal neurological finding; 10 means death due to MS. Scores on the Extended disability status scale increase to correspond with worsening in MS. The first score after 0 is 1, and then clinical worsening is expressed in 0.5-point intervals.
Time frame: 10 weeks