Understanding Metabolism and Inflammation Risks for Diabetes in Adolescents

University of Michigan175 enrolled

Overview

This research study collects health-related information and blood samples to better understand how body composition, lifestyle habits, and diet influence meta-inflammatory monocytes (MiMos) in adolescents. The hypothesis of this study is that adolescents at risk for metabolic disease have enhanced MiMo related activities leading to insulin resistance.

Study Type

OBSERVATIONAL

Enrollment

175

Conditions

Type 2 Diabetes Insulin Resistance Obesity Metabolic Disease PreDiabetes

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 14 YearsMax age: 18 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Between 14 and 18 years of age * Tanner stage 4 or 5 (mature adult stage of puberty) * Normal weight (BMI ≥ 5th percentile \& \< 85th percentile), overweight (BMI \> 86th percentile) \& \< 94th percentile), obese weight (BMI percentile ≥ 95th percentile), and/or pre-diabetes (HbA1c \> 5.7%) * For Type 2 Diabetes cohort, diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes Exclusion Criteria: * Currently pregnant * Use medications known to affect glucose metabolism (immunosuppressive medications, cancer medications, or high dose steroids), unless prescribed for Type 2 Diabetes management * Prior diagnosis of autoimmune disease, cancer, or a cognitive or perceptual disability that would inhibit following directions of study staff * Allergies or intolerance to milk, soy, or palm oil

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Glucose (OGTT)

Plasma Glucose (mg/dL) will be measured prior to, and throughout, an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT). Measurements will be taken at baseline (fasting) and 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after consumption of glucose dose

Time frame: 120 minutes

Insulin (OGTT)

Plasma Insulin (µU/mL) will be measured prior to, and throughout, an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT). Measurements will be taken at baseline (fasting) and 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after consumption of glucose dose

Time frame: 120 minutes

Glucose (MMTT)

Plasma Glucose (mg/dL) will be measured prior to, and throughout, a Mixed Meal Tolerance Test (MMTT). Measurements will be taken at baseline (fasting) and 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes after consumption of high fat shake.

Time frame: 180 minutes

Insulin (MMTT)

Plasma Insulin (µU/mL) will be measured prior to, and throughout, a Mixed Meal Tolerance Test (MMTT). Measurements will be taken at baseline (fasting) and 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes after consumption of high fat shake.

Time frame: 180 minutes

Monocyte /macrophage populations by flow cytometry

Frequencies by flow cytometry. Measurements will be taken at baseline sample and 180 minutes after consumption of high fat shake

Time frame: 180 minutes

Secondary Outcomes

Free fatty acids (MMTT)

Serum Free fatty acids (mmol/L) will be measured prior to, and throughout, a Mixed Meal Tolerance Test (MMTT). Measurements will be taken at baseline (fasting) and 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes after consumption of high fat shake

Time frame: 180 minutes

Triglycerides (MMTT)

Serum Triglycerides (mg/dL) will be measured prior to, and throughout, a Mixed Meal Tolerance Test (MMTT). Measurements will be taken at baseline (fasting) and 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes after consumption of high fat shake

Time frame: 180 minutes

Understanding Metabolism and Inflammation Risks for Diabetes in Adolescents

Overview

Conditions

Eligibility

Locations (1)

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Secondary Outcomes

Central Contacts